What unit of measure is used to determine distance between planets, stars, galaxies, etc.?
lightyears
100
An object that is not a sphere and revolves around a planet or dwarf planet is called a:
satellite
200
How many days does it take the moon to revolve around the Earth?
27.3 days.
200
The sun is mostly made of these two gases:
Hydrogen, Helium
200
What are the four inner planets made out of?
rock
200
How fast is the speed of light in space? (Km/sec)
300,000 km/sec
200
What invention did Galileo first use to study the stars?
The telescope.
300
The action that causes day and night is called __________.
Rotation
300
This is the inner layer of the atmosphere. It releases light.
Photosphere
300
Name the two main characteristics that define a planet.
1. sphere-shape
2. has its own path of orbit, not intersected by other major objects.
300
What is an oval shaped galaxy called?
Elliptical
300
100 years before Galileo, which scientist first thought that our solar system was heliocentric?
Copernicus
400
How many days exactly does the Earth take to revolve around the sun?
365.25
400
This is the middle layer of the sun's atmosphere, it releases color.
Chromosphere
400
What are the four outer planets mostly made out of?
Gas
400
If a galaxy is a blob, or any other random shape, what is it called?
An irregular galaxy
400
Galileo proved that our solar system was heliocentric. Name one of the ways that he proved this.
1. Jupiter's moons revolve around Jupiter, not the Earth.
2. Venus's phases can only be caused by it revolving around the sun, not Earth.
500
The tilt of the Earth's axis causes different hemispheres to receive more direct or less direct sunlight at different points in the Earth's rotation. This causes _____________.
Seasons
500
The outer layer of the sun's atmosphere looks like a white "crown".
Corona
500
What is unique about the axis and rotation of Uranus?
The axis is tilted 90 degrees (sideways) so it's rotation is north to south instead of east/west or west/east.
500
What is the name of a galaxy that looks like a swirl or pinwheel?
Spiral galaxy.
500
What two forces did Sir Isaac Newton discover as the cause for planets to remain in orbit?