Astronomers I
What defines the 'golden' age of astronomy?
The age of ancient Greece, whereby scientists/astronomers were discovering the first elements of our universe.
What astronomer has identified as a golden age astronomer who investigated trigonometry.
Hipparacus
What are the two models suggested to explain the order of the solar system and known universe?
Geocentric model & Heliocentric model
Who was the first scientist/astronomer to utilize the telescope to observe other celestial objects?
Galileo
Which two planets were analyzed in the retrograde motion lab?
Mars and Earth
Who initiated the geocentric model?
Ptolemy
What year period is the modern age of astronomy described as?
1540AD - 1640AD
Which model did the catholic church approve of?
Geocentric model (earth in the center)
What part of the Sun was observed by Galileo?
Sunspots (cooler areas of the Sun's surface - appearing a darker color)
What movement is Mars ACTUALLY doing throughout the year?
Who changed the way they see our universe and place the Sun in the center?
Copernicus
What astronomical formula/topic did Newton create?
Newton's 4th law of universal gravitational attraction
Why was the heliocentric model accepted as the correct model?
It explained 'retrograde motion', showed correctly the orbits, placement of planets.
What did Johannes Kepler produce after spending time with Brahe in his observatory?
Kepler's 3 laws of planetary motion.
What does 'Retrograde motion' mean?
A planet is appearing to move backwards according to your perspective.
Galileo used the telescope to investigate what components of our solar system?
Sunspots on the Sun
Phases of Venus
Galilean Moons of Jupiter - Io, Europa, Callista & Ganymede
Moon surface - craters
What astronomer agreed with Copernicus heliocentric model and how?
Brahe - observations on stars and planetary motion for 20 years
Kepler - kepler's laws founding this concept
Galileo - telescope work on parts of our solar system
Newton - gravitational force
What was consistent part between the two different models of the known universe?
fixed star locations
What astronomer spent 20 years in Copenhagen studying and observing planetary and star positions.
Brahe
What causes this retrograde motion loop of Mars?
Earth is revolving quicker around the Sun on its shorter distance, therefore moving past Mars's orbit and creating this apparent movement in a loop.
Which astronomer was cited to have recorded the circumference of the Earth to a 4% error compared to modern day calculations.
Erasthenese
Newton's 4th law states that mass has gravity; larger the mass the increased gravitational force attacking from the mass towards the center. Our Moon is 1/6 the size of our planet therefore we exert a greater gravitational pull on the Moon, keeping it in our orbit.
How long before the geocentric model was displaced with the correct model?
1,500 years
Name the 4 moons of Jupiter discovered by Galileo?
Io, Europa, Gallemede, Callista
Which planets would appear to have a retrograde motion according to the perspective from earth?
Mars, Jupiter and Saturn (Uranus and Neptune too far to see with human eye)