The Sun
What is the energy production process called that our Sun undergoes?
Nuclear Fusion
What size star is our sun classified as?
Low-Mass Star
(But our Sun is also a medium sized star)
Name the 3 main types of galaxies
Spiral
Irregular
Elliptical
Red Giant
What stage of Star life is our Sun in. What is it's temperature and luminosity?
main sequence, 6000 degrees celsius, luminosity of 1
What is the difference between redshifting and blue shifting
You can determine if a star is moving closer or further away from us based on it's spectra. red shifting is when it's moving away from us, and blue shifting is moving toward us
Put in order from biggest to smallest:
Galaxy, Planet, Solar System, Universe
Universe, Galaxy, Solarsystem, Planet
What is the primary factor that determines how a star will progress through it's life cycle?
It's mass
Going from main sequence to red giant to white dwarf, what will happen to our Sun in terms of temperature and brightness?
From Main to Giant = Temperature decrease, Luminosity increase
Giant to Dwarf = Temperature increase, Luminosity decrease
According to Hubble's law, draw a graph that best describes the relationship between distance and radial velocity of galaxies in our universe?
y = mx+b
What unit of measurement is most used by astronomers to express distances from one galaxy to another
Light Years
According to the stellar classification, what letter is used to classify young blue giants?
O
What is the 11-year and 22- year cycle?
11 year cycle is how long it takes for a Sunspot to appear and disappear
22 year cycle is how long it takes for the magnetic cycle of the Sun to complete, allowing the sunspots to reverse polarity
On an HR diagram, looking at ONLY main sequence stars, which area would most likely go supernova and become a black hole?
Top Left
Which galaxy contains mostly old red stars with very little gas and dust
Elliptical
How do you know if the main sequence of a star is over? (List 2 things)
When it ends hydrogen fusion and starts helium fusion. It usually puffs up into a red giant
Why are sunspots cooler and look darker than other areas on the Sun?
Sunspots are places where strong magnetic fields in the Sun are, which block convection from happening underneath the surface
On an HR diagram, which location represent stars that are no longer going through nuclear fusion at it's core
Bottom left
In a spiral galaxy, what types of stars are in the spiral arms, what type are in the center?
Older cooler stars toward the center
Draw a diagram of the stellar life cycle of BOTH a low mass star and high mass star.
Include pre-main sequence phase
Protostar -> Main Sequence -> Giant/Supergiant
Low Mass
White dwarf
High Mass
Supernova -> Blackhole/Neutron star