Foundations
Five Key Features of Usability include...
Learnability
Efficiency
Memorability
Errors
Satisfaction
Your client has difficulty depressing two keys on the keyboard at the same time. You suggest that they use
sticky keys
List the 7 principles of universal design
1. Equitable use
2. Flexibility in use
3. Simple and intuitive
4. Perceptible information
5. Tolerance for error
6. Low physical effort
7. Size/space for approach and use
When a person is riding in a car while seated in their wheelchair, which of these describes the appropriate positioning for them?
W/c should be at the back and center of the vehicle, facing forwards
When determining an optional switch site, the OT is looking for a movement which are ____ and ____.
volitional and reliable
Name and define the 5 AT Ethical Principles
1. Autonomy: freedom of action and choice
2. Fidelity: faithful, loyal, honest, trustworthy behavior
3. Beneficence: actions intended to benefit others
4. Nonmaleficence: not causing harm to others
5. Justice: fairness and equity towards others
A client with tremors wants to improve their accuracy at using a touch-screen to contact their family. What would be the most appropriate assistive device?
Keyguard
Minimum width for a wheelchair ramp and/or sidewalk according to ADA standards?
36 inches
Define & give examples of primary, secondary, and tertiary drive controls.
Primary drive controls - car go/stop (gas and brake)
Secondary drive controls - for safety (turn signals)
Tertiary drive controls - optional and not required for the vehicle to function properly (radio, cup holders)
Technologies that offer the user different modalities for providing input commands or information to a device (e.g., voice recognition software) are called
alternative inputs
The ____ model focuses the attention on the user(s) that is (are) doing something in context using AT, shifting it away from the assistive product.
Which wheelchair feature is MOST effective for reducing shear forces during pressure relief?
tilt in space
Slope of wheelchair ramp, according to ADA standards?
1 inch rise, 12 inch (1 foot) run
Pelvic obliquity causes what spinal deformity?
scoliosis
A control interface that is turned on by the first activation and off by the next activation is called a(n)...
latched control
What is distributive justice?
concerns the fairness in the allocation of opportunity and resources within society
A power wheelchair control that operates the chair at a predetermined speed in a selected direction is called?
nonproportional drive control
The driver should sit about HOW FAR away from the steering wheel to avoid injury from an airbag that is activated at less than that distance.
25 cm (10 inches)
What are electronic aids to daily living (EADLs)?
Devices that allow control of appliances (e.g., television, stereo, blinds, kitchen appliances) through an accessible interface (e.g., switches, voice control).
What is the difference between infrared transmission versus radio frequency transmission?
Infrared (IR) uses light, requiring line-of-sight, making it secure but short-range (like TV remotes)
Radio Frequency (RF) uses radio waves, penetrating walls and covering long distances but is susceptible to interference and eavesdropping (like garage door openers)
Explain Bradley’s Hierarchy of Design Needs for Assistive Technology
1. Functionality — Does it work?
2. Reliability — Does it work when I need it to?
3. Usability — Can I figure out how to make it work?
4. Proficiency — Can it show me how to make it work better?
5. Creativity — How else can this work for me?
You are measuring your client for a wheelchair. Describe each component of the measurements.
Seat width: measuring the widest part of the client’s hips and adding 1-2 inches
Seat depth: measuring the distance from the client’s posterior buttock to the popliteal fold and subtracting 2 inches (distance from the floor to the seat of the wheelchair)
Seat height: measuring the distance from the client’s heel to their popliteal fold and adding two inches.
Back height: distance between the seat of the chair to the top of the shoulder and subtracting 4 inches (for tall backrest)
Armrest height: measuring the distance between the seat of the chair to the client’s elbow and subtracting 4 inches.
The safest location for the child in a motor vehicle is the
center rear seat
___ inches is the ideal turnaround space for a wheelchair
60
A client with quadriplegia uses sip-and-puff to activate door openers. Sip-and-puff is functioning as the:
control interface