Science
Which of the following is the largest organ of the human body?
1. Skin
2. Pancreas
3. Kidney
4. Lung
What is 1
Skin is the largest single organ of the body that is mainly responsible for covering and protection of internal structures.
Which of the following is equivalent to 98.7%?
1. 0.987
2. 9.87
3. 98.7
4. 987
What is 1
By equating the ratios, we can solve for x to find the solution:
987⁄100 = x
In reality, you don’t always need to do all that work in order to convert from a percent to a decimal. You can simply divide the percent by 100. Another way to think about it is to simply move the decimal point two spaces over to the left.
98.7⁄100 = 0.987
Which of the following words is spelled correctly?
1. Questionnair
2. Questionnaire
3. Questonaire
4. Questionar
What is 2
The correct spelling is “questionnaire”.
To: Residents of 207 North 7th Street
From: LeasingNYC
Date: March 15, 2022
Subject: Water Heater Inspection
Our yearly inspection of individual apartment water heaters will begin on Monday, March 21st. This yearly inspection required by NYC housing law will be conducted in each unit. Starting today, you will be able to log into your resident portal and schedule a time for a maintenance team member to inspect your water heater. This inspection should take no longer than 10 minutes. If you have been experiencing issues with your hot water, this is an excellent time to speak to maintenance and solve the problem.
Although we recommend that you are present for the inspection, you may also select a time when you will not be home. If this is the case, please be sure to select the box “I AUTHORIZE A MAINTENANCE TEAM MEMBER TO ENTER MY APARTMENT WITHOUT MY PRESENCE” when choosing a time and date. If your water heater closet has any items currently stored in it, these items will need to be removed before the inspection. Please note that, for safety reasons, LeasingNYC does not recommend that any personal items are stored within close proximity to the water heater.
The yearly inspection window will end on Friday, March 25th. If you have not selected a time on or before that day, a maintenance team member will come by your apartment for an inspection. If you are not at home or refuse entry, NYC housing will be notified. A representative from NYC housing will be able to enter your residence without your permission to complete the inspection, as required by law. As always, if you have any questions, please use the portal to connect with your LeasingNYC representative.
How long is the window for residents of 207 North 7th Street to have water heater inspections conducted before the NYC housing authority is contacted?
1. The window is one day.
2. The window is one month.
3. The window is one week.
4. The window is unlimited.
What is 3
The window is one week. This answer is correct because the memo states that residents have from Monday, March 21st, until Friday, March 25th to have their water heaters inspected. This answer correctly describes the window as one week.
__________________________________________________
The window is one day.
The window is one month.
The window is unlimited.
These answers are incorrect because the memo states that residents have from Monday, March 21st, until Friday, March 25th – one week.
The condition ________________ can often lead to ________________ due to buildup and blockage of coronary arteries, preventing blood flow to the myocardium.
1. arteriosclerosis; myocardial infarction
2. atherosclerosis; myocardial infarction
3. arteriosclerosis; stroke
4. atherosclerosis; stroke
What is 2
Atherosclerosis is the buildup of plaque inside the arteries. If the plaque buildup is severe, a blockage can result, preventing blood flow to the associated heart tissue. This is a myocardial infarction, or heart attack. This can also occur if a plaque ruptures, travels through the vessels, and becomes lodged in a coronary artery.
Arteriosclerosis is the hardening and narrowing of the blood vessels and though blood flow can be restricted, this is not the cause of buildup or blockage.
A stroke can occur if a blood vessel in the brain becomes blocked by an embolism (embolism is the word we use for any material that blocks a blood vessel).
Water boils at 100° Celsius. What is this in Fahrenheit? The formula to convert between Celsius and Fahrenheit is: F = 9/5 C + 32
1. 302°F
2. 100°F
3. 432°F
4. 212°F
What is 4
F = 9/5 C + 32
Plug in the values given in the problem. We know that the temperature is 40°C, so we plug it into the equation where the C is. In this problem, we are solving for “F.”
F = 9/5 (100) + 32
Follow order of operations to solve:
F = 9/5 (100) + 32
We can see that the variable “F” is already isolated. so all we have to do is follow order of operations to solve. First, perform the multiplication step on the right hand side. Remember that when multiplying a whole number by a fraction, convert the whole number to a fraction by making the whole number the numerator and 1 the denominator.
F = 9/5 (100) + 32
F = 9/5 • 100/1 + 32
F = 900/5 + 32
Remember that the fraction line signals division, so we can simplify this by dividing the 900 by 5.
F = 180 + 32
Finally, add the two remaining values together.
F = 212
Answer: 100°C is equal to 212°F
Gabriela was wearing a _____________ dress.
Which of the following options correctly completes the sentence above?
1. long, bright and yellow
2. long; bright; yellow
3. long, bright yellow
4. long, bright, and yellow
What is 3
A list of adjectives usually requires commas. However, if an adjective is modifying another adjective you do not separate them with a comma. In this case, you would put a comma after “long” because it is the first adjective. “Bright yellow” is being used as one description of the dress here because “bright” is describing “yellow.” Therefore, you wouldn’t put a comma after “bright.”
Why Daylight Saving Time?
During World War I, several European countries initiated daylight saving time as a wartime practice to conserve the fuel used by electricity for indoor lighting. It was adopted by the United States shortly afterward, but abandoned due to unpopularity following the end of the war. Reinstated by FDR during World War II, it was rendered optional afterward. Use continued to be optional and therefore created highly irregular and confusing schedules for transportation, radio, and TV throughout the 1960s.
President Johnson ended the confusion in 1966 by signing The Uniform Time Act. However, any state wishing to do so was able to opt out of Daylight Saving Time observance by passing a state law. Today, only Arizona and Hawaii do not observe. Daylight Saving Time is celebrated in the fall by those wishing to gain an hour of sleep, and those in the spring invigorated by the longer days. Unfortunately, children often struggle to adjust to these changes to their schedule, especially where sleep and waking times are concerned. This is particularly irritating for parents. Regardless of your preference for Daylight Saving Time, it seems poised to persist in the United States, temporarily disrupting our schedules twice a year.
Which of the following statements from the passage expresses an opinion?
1. Unfortunately, children often struggle to adjust to these changes to their schedule, especially where sleep and waking times are concerned.
2. It was adopted by the United States shortly afterward, but abandoned due to unpopularity following the end of the war.
3. President Johnson ended the confusion in 1966 by signing The Uniform Time Act.
4. Today, only Arizona and Hawaii do not observe.
What is 1
This statement is an opinion, as not all children are likely to struggle and this cannot be proven. This answer is correct.
It was adopted by the United States shortly afterward, but abandoned due to unpopularity following the end of the war.
President Johnson ended the confusion in 1966 by signing The Uniform Time Act.
Today, only Arizona and Hawaii do not observe.
These statements are all facts that can be proven, and therefore this statement is incorrect.
The response elicited by signals coming from endocrine glands is characterized by which of the following?
1. Slow initiation, short duration of response
2. Slow initiation, prolonged duration of response
3. Quick initiation, prolonged duration of response
4. Quick initiation, short duration of response
What is 2
Responses stimulated by the endocrine system take a longer time to initiate and last for a longer period of time.
In contrast, responses to stimulation by the nervous system are quicker to initiate and are shorter in duration.
A cup is 0.289 L. Approximately how many cups of coffee would it take to fill a 3.4 L coffee carafe?
____
What is 10
When estimating, we are trying to find a value that is close to the answer, but doesn’t have to be exact. We round each number and then solve, which is how we arrive at our estimate of the answer.
When estimating, we are trying to find a value that is close to the answer, but doesn’t have to be exact. We round each number and then solve, which is how we arrive at our estimate of the answer.
Rounding is when we make a number “simpler” but keep the value as close to the original number as possible. To round a number:
In order to get close to the actual answer, round each number to the second largest place value.
For example:
325.13 → 330
25 → 30
5.7 → 6
5.78 → 5.8
For this problem:
0.289 → 0.3
3.4 → 3
Then we continue with the problem. In this case, we are dividing the carafe (3 liters) by the number of cups (0.3 liters):
3 ÷ 0.3 = 10 cups*
*If you do not have access to a calculator for this question, you may solve the final step like this:
Convert the decimal into a fraction (it reads, “three tenths” so you can simply write that out at a fraction):
3 ÷ 3/10 =
When dividing a whole number by a fraction, first convert the whole number into a fraction by making the whole number the numerator and 1 the denominator.
3/1 ÷ 3/10 =
Then, because you are dividing by a fraction, flip the second fraction and multiply.
3/1 • 10/3 =
You can cross reduce the 3’s by dividing both by 3. (Or you can multiply the two fractions as they are and reduce the answer.)
3÷3/1 • 10/3÷3 = 1/1 • 10/1 = 10
This morning at eight o’clock my son saw a mouse who was waiting for the bus.
Which of the following is misplaced in the sentence above?
1. who was waiting for the bus
2. my son
3. at eight o’clock
4. a mouse
What is 1
Misplaced modifiers are words or phrases that are not located properly in relation to the words they modify. To fix a misplaced modifier, we need to place the modifier next to the word or phrase that it modifies.
In this example, “who was waiting for the bus” is meant to modify “my son,” but its placement makes it seem like the mouse was the one waiting for the bus.
In order to fix this, we must place the modifier as close as possible to “my son”.
This morning at eight o’clock my son, who was waiting for the bus, saw a mouse.
Planning a dinner party can be stressful and time-consuming, but is ultimately worth it when you find yourself surrounded by great friends and delicious food! The first step is to create a guest list, being cognizant of food allergies, restrictions, and preferences, and then select a date and invite your guests. After that, you’re able to plan a menu, solicit any help needed, and choose decor if you desire!
Which event comes last in the sequence?
1. Choosing the decor.
2. Creating a guest list.
3. Enjoying the dinner party.
4. Making a list of food allergies.
What is 3
This answer is correct. Although listed first in the paragraph, this is the last step in having a dinner party. One clue is the use of the word “ultimately” when describing this step.
Choosing the decor.
This answer is incorrect, as this step must be taken before enjoying the dinner party.
Creating a guest list.
This answer is incorrect, as this is one of the first steps, as stated directly in the passage.
Making a list of food allergies.
This answer is incorrect, as this is one of the first steps, as stated directly in the passage.
Which of the following is true of insulin and glucagon?
1. Secretion of insulin and glucagon is regulated by the pituitary gland.
2. Insulin and glucagon have opposite effects on blood glucose but work together to maintain homeostasis.
3. Insulin and glucagon regulate the level of calcium in the blood.
4. Insulin and glucagon maintain normal levels of blood glucose in the fasting state.
What is 2
Insulin and glucagon are both secreted by the pancreas and function in the homeostatic maintenance of the blood’s glucose level. Insulin decreases the level of the blood’s glucose during a fed state and glucagon increases levels of glucose during a fasting state.
What is the volume of a rectangular prism with dimensions 6m by 2m by 5m?
1. 130 m3
2. 85 m3
3. 600 m3
4. 60 m3
What is 4
To calculate the volume of a rectangular prism we multiply:
length x width x height = 6m x 2m x 5m = 60 m3
The units of volume are the units of length cubed since we are multiplying three of the same units of length (m • m • m).
Which of the following sentences would most likely be found in an academic paper?
1. Have you heard? Fat kids are 25% poorer than slim kids.
2. The author observed the prevalence of obesity is way higher (25%) among kids who live in impoverished neighborhoods.
3. The author said there are 25% more poor obese kids than there are rich obese kids.
4. The author reported a disparity of 25% in cases of overweight and obesity between socioeconomically underprivileged children, and those from more privileged backgrounds.
What is 4
Academic writing is straight and to the point. Its objective is to inform rather than entertain. Academic writing is expected to be complex, formal, objective, explicit, and responsible. It uses language precisely and accurately. It is also well organized and planned.
The other examples all incorporate, to a degree, informal language (“the author said,” “way higher,” “have you heard?”) so they would not be included in an academic paper.
Colon Cancer on the Rise in Young Adults
An alarming uptick in colorectal cancer has affected mostly younger adults. Over the past thirty to fifty years, the rates in people younger than 50 have been steadily on the rise, resulting in those born in the year 1990 having double the risk of colon cancer and quadruple the risk of rectal cancer compared to those born in the year 1950. The reason for this trend is mostly unknown, although some researchers point to obesity, sedentary lifestyles, and poor eating habits as likely culprits.
1 According to 2021 data pulled from the ACS (American Cancer Society).
What is the purpose of the footnote in this excerpt?
1. To reveal the source of the author’s information.
2. To place a spotlight on the American Cancer Society.
3. To show the recency of the data.
4. To help the reader better understand the passage.
What is 1
This answer is correct. The author is using the footnote to cite the data used in the paragraph.
To place a spotlight on the American Cancer Society.
This answer is incorrect because the paragraph is not mainly about the American Cancer Society, and the author is using the footnote to cite their source, not highlight the ACS.
To show the recency of the data.
While the data is recent, this answer is incorrect because the primary purpose of the footnote is for the author to cite their data, not show the recency.
To help the reader better understand the passage.
This answer is incorrect because citing the source of the information does not give the reader more details or a further understanding of the paragraph.
Sesamoid bones develop from tendons. Which of the following are sesamoid bones?
1. Scapulae
2. Metatarsals
3. Patellae
4. Phalanges
What is 3
The patellae are the kneecaps. They develop from the tendon of the quadriceps femoris muscle of the thigh.
Metatarsals are short bones while phalanges are long bones.
Scapulae is an example of flat bone.
Phalanges are the finger bones.
A customer purchases $54 of groceries. The sales tax at the bottom of the receipt says she paid an additional $4.32 in sales tax. What was the percent sales tax on that purchase?
_______
What is 8%
We can use the percent formula to solve. The percent formula is below:
part⁄whole = %⁄100
Based on the text, these are the values we will plug into the percent formula to solve:
part⁄whole = %⁄100
4.32⁄54 = x⁄100
Cross multiply and solve for x:
4.32⁄54 = x⁄100
54 * x = 4.32 * 100
54x = 432
54x/54 = 432/54
x = 8
So, $4.32 is 8% of $54.
Our neighbors in the adjacent house are very nice people, but they watch incredibly loud TV every night.
Which of the following words is an antonym for “adjacent” as used in the sentence above?
1. Minuscule
2. Distant
3. Wooden
4. Annoying
What is 2
The definition of “adjacent” is next to or nearby, which is why they can hear their neighbor’s TV. Its correct antonym is “distant.”
“Annoying” refers to something that is irritating or bothersome.
“Wooden” refers to something consisting or made of wood.
“Minuscule” refers to something that is very small.
Binge Drinking and Experimental Drug Use in College Students
All college students are exposed to unprecedented levels of binge drinking and illicit drug use. Early on, they are tempted to engage in these risky behaviors. Distracting from their studies and contributing to declining mental health, drug and alcohol use is inherently a major problem across college campuses in the United States. One study from the American Addiction Centers found that almost half of all college students nationally displayed symptoms of at least one substance abuse disorder. A 2019 Monitoring the Future Survey discovered the highest instances of the use of marijuana, cocaine, hallucinogens, and MDMA to be among college-aged young adults.
Why are college students so likely to engage in binge drinking and drug use? The answer may lie in turmoil experienced while adapting to a major life change and living in new circumstances. Many college students travel a great distance to their colleges, and live without their families, in particular older, more responsible adults, for the first time. A desire to experiment is a natural inclination, as is the pressure to fit in and assimilate with new peers. College students are also bridled with the double pressure of deadlines, challenging classes, and the novel responsibility to handle it all on their own. Many, unwisely, turn to the temporary escape offered by drugs and alcohol.
Which of the following statements from the passage indicates a stereotype?
1. A desire to experiment is a natural inclination, as is the pressure to fit in and assimilate with new peers.
2. All college students are exposed to unprecedented levels of binge drinking and illicit drug use and are tempted to engage in these risky behaviors.
3. One study from the American Addiction Centers found that almost half of all college students nationally displayed symptoms of at least one substance abuse disorder.
4. Many college students travel a great distance to their college, and live without their families, in particular older, more responsible adults, for the first time.
What is 2
This answer is correct because it is suggesting that EVERY college student must confront drugs and alcohol, while we cannot prove this is an experience that ALL college students will be tempted.
Remember, a stereotype is a fixed, widely held belief about a particular group of people or things. However, these beliefs are over-generalized. When we stereotype someone or something, we are drawing the conclusion that this person or thing possesses an entire range of characteristics we assume all members of that group have.
A desire to experiment is a natural inclination, as is the pressure to fit in and assimilate with new peers.
This answer is incorrect because it is not stereotyping a specific group of people, but suggesting an experience a group of people MIGHT share.
One study from the American Addiction Centers found that almost half of all college students nationally displayed symptoms of at least one substance abuse disorder.
This answer is incorrect because this is a piece of data, a fact from a scientific survey, not a stereotype.
Many college students travel a great distance to their college, and live without their families, in particular older, more responsible adults, for the first time.
This answer is incorrect. The keyword here is “many” college students – this answer is suggesting that many college students will travel far to their respective colleges, but not claiming that ALL do so.