Show:
Chemists
The Structure
Ionic and Covalent
Covalent Bonding and Molecular Compounds
Ionic Bonding and Ionic Compounds
100
Which Greek thinker called nature's basic particle an atom?
Democritus
100
What two regions make up all atoms?
Nucleus and subatomic particles
100
What is a chemical bond?
A mutual electrical attraction between the nuclei and valence electrons of different atoms that binds the atoms together.
100
Many chemical compounds, including most of the chemicals that are in living things and are produced by living things, are composed of _________.
Molecules
100
What is an ionic compound?
An ionic compound is composed of positive and negative ions that are combined so that the numbers of positive and negative charges are equal.
200
Who thought all matter was continuous?
Aristotle
200
How many neutrons and protons are in a single chlorine atom?
18 neutrons and 17 protons
200
Bonding between two atoms of the same element is which type of bonding?
Covalent
200
How many pairs of electrons are shared in a double bond?
2
200
What is the simplest collection of atoms from which an ionic compound's formula can be established?
A formula unit
300
In 1808, who proposed explanation for the law of conservation of mass, law of definite proportions, and the law of multiple proportions?
John Dalton
300
Give the charges of protons, neutrons, and electrons.
Protons- + Neutrons - neutral Electrons - (-)
300
What kind of bonds have an uneven distribution of charge?
Polar-covalent Bonds
300
What determines bond length?
The distance between two bonded atoms at their minimum potential energy
300
True of False: Most ionic compound exist as crystalline solids.
True
400
The puzzle of the hydrogen-atom spectrum was solved in 1913 by who?
Bohr
400
How many electrons does Scandium have?
21
400
What is a nonpolar-covalent bond?
A covalent bond in which the bonding electrons are shared equallt by the bonded atoms, resulting in a balanced distribution of electrical charge.
400
Which energy is required to break a chemical bond and form neutral isolated atoms?
Bond energy
400
In an ionic crystal, ions minimize their potential energy by conbining in an orderly arrangement known as ______.
Crystal Lattice
500
Who found evidence for the existence of the atomic nucleus by striking metal foil with a beam of positively charged particles?
Rutherford
500
What are nuclear forces?
The short range proton-neutron, proton-proton, and neutron-neutron forces that hold the nuclear particles together.
500
What is the main dinstinction between ionic and covalent bonding?
In ionic bonding, electrons are swapped from one bonding atom to the other, in covalent bonding, they are shared.
500
What is a diatomic molecule?
A molecule containing only two atoms.
500
A charged group of covalently bonded atoms is known as a _______.
Polyatomic ion