Early Atomic Ideas
What tiny particles were matter believed to be made of?
What type of charge did Thomson find in cathode rays?
Negative charge
What particle was used in Rutherford’s gold foil experiment?
Alpha Particles
What effect did Hertz observe when light hit metal?
Photoelectric effect
What name is given to a packet of energy?
Quantum
What approach did Democritus use instead of experiments?
Reasoning and intuition
What device did Thomson use to study electrons?
Cathode ray tube
What did most particles passing through the foil show?
Atoms are mostly empty space
What property of light did Hertz show was most important?
Frequency
What property of light matters most for ejecting electrons?
Frequency
What type of measurements improved the study of chemical reactions?
Quantitative measurements
What did the deflection of cathode rays prove?
They are charged particles
What central part of the atom did Rutherford identify?
The Nucleus
What did Maxwell show light is made of?
Electromagnetic waves
What model states electrons move in fixed energy levels?
Bohr model
What properties of atoms of the same element were believed to be identical?
Mass and Size
What model did Thomson propose for atomic structure?
Blueberry muffin model
What positively charged particle is in the nucleus?
Protons
What did Newton believe light was composed of?
Particles called corpuscles
What happens when an electron transfers to a higher energy level?
What idea states that atoms of the same element have identical properties?
Atomic Theory
What ratio did Thomson calculate for electrons?
Charge-to-mass ratio
What neutral particle did Chadwick discover in the nucleus?
The Neutron
What happens when light is shown on a metal in the photoelectric effect?
Electrons are emitted
What model describes electron location using probability?
Quantum mechanical model