Periodic Families
Which family/group is Silicon in?
Group 14
what are the vertical columns on the periodic table called
families
Thomson studied electric currents and discovered that currents were streams of negatively charged particles. He discovered that all atoms must contain these negative particles. No one believed that there were smaller particles than an atom.
What are some characteristics of Noble Gasses Group 18
They are colourless, odourless, tasteless, and non-flammable.
what are the horizontal rows on the periodic table called?
Periods
How did John dalton contribute to the Atomic Theory?
Dalton started to look at the earth’s atmosphere. He was specifically looking at oxygen, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen oxide. He then proposed that the tiniest particles were atoms, and these were different in different elements.
what are some characteristics of Halogens Group 17
These elements all have very high electronegativities. They all have seven electrons in their outer shells. As the atomic number increases, the reactivity of the halogens decreases.
How did Niles Bohr contribute to the Atomic Theory?
Bohr studied in the early 1900s. He studied the electrons surrounding the nucleus. He proposed that electrons surround it the nucleus in specific energy “levels”. This meant that each electron has a specific amount of energy.
Mass on one sample of an element (P + N = mass number)
No decimals!!!
what are some characteristics of Alkaline Earth Metals Group 2
All alkaline Earth metals have two valence electrons. They are also typically malleable and ductile. They are strong and soft metals.
How did Ernest Rutherford contribute to the Atomic Theory?
Rutherford discovered the nucleus (the tiny, dense, POSITIVELY charged centre of the atom). He also proposed that there were two kinds of particles inside the nucleus, protons and neutrons.
What does atomic mass mean?
The AVERAGE mass of all the elements in the world (always a decimal)
what are some characteristics of Alkali Metals Group 1
They are all shiny soft metals. They are extremely reactive. They all have one valence electron in the outermost shell which they seek to lose in order to have a full outer shell.
What does Ion charge mean
This is the electric charge that an Ion has. It can be positive or negative, depending on how many electrons it has. An element with a 2+ is missing two electrons. An element with a 2- has an extra two electrons.
What does atomic number mean?