Atomic Structure
What subatomic particles have a positive charge?
Protons
What do we call the center of an atom?
What do we call the rows on the periodic table?
Periods
Which are known for being better conductors of heat and electricity, metals or nonmetals?
Metals
What is the name of an atomic bond that involves the sharing of electrons?
Covalent Bond
What subatomic particles are found in the nucleus of an atom?
Protons and Neutrons
What is the atomic number of an atom?
The number of protons in the atom
What do we call the columns on the periodic table?
Groups
Are the properties of elements on the periodic table more similar to other elements in the same row or in the same column?
They are more similar to elements in the same column
What kind of atomic bond forms ions and occurs between metals and nonmetals?
Ionic Bond
Where are the electrons found in an atom?
In the electron cloud (or shells/energy levels)
What is the mass number of an atom?
The number of protons and neutrons in an atom
What do the rows on the periodic table tell us?
The number of shells/energy levels
In which column of the periodic table are the elements the most reactive?
The 1st column (Alkali Metals)
Reactivity decreases as you move to the right across the table
What is the octet rule?
The tendency of atoms to want to have 8 electrons in their valence shell.
If an atom has 20 protons and a mass number of 42, how many neutrons does it have?
22 Neutrons
Neutrons = Mass Number - Protons
What is an ion?
An atom with a positive or negative charge. Ex:
5 protons and 4 electrons = + ion
4 protons and 5 electrons = - ion
What do the columns on the periodic table tell us?
The number of valence electrons
Metals are known for being solids at room temperature, but what is the only metal that is a liquid at room temperature?
Mercury
How many atomic bonds can Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Carbon each form?
Hydrogen: 1 Bond
Oxygen: 2 Bonds
Carbon: 4 Bonds
What are the atomic number, mass number, and charge of an atom with 6 protons, 6 neutrons, and 6 electrons?
Atomic Number: 6
Mass Number: 12
Charge: 0 (or no charge)
What are the atomic number, mass number, and charge of an atom with 10 protons, 12 neutrons, and 11 electrons?
Atomic Number: 10
Mass Number: 22
Charge: -1
What do we call all of the atoms in the final column (18th) of the periodic table? Hint: they are all happy/stable
Noble Gases
What element is considered the central building block of life and is the basis of organic molecules? (Hint: it was in the Bill Nye video)
Carbon
What elements are in the molecule C₆H₁₂O₆, and how many atoms are there of each element?
Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen
6 Carbon, 12 Hydrogen, 6 Oxygen