Subatomic Particles
Name the three subatomic particles
Protons, neutrons, electrons
What are the columns of elements called on the periodic table?
Group or family
What is the center of an atom called and what subatomic particle(s) reside inside?
Nucleus
Proton and neutrons
An atom with 8 protons, 8 neutrons, and 10 electrons would have a charge of...?
-2
An atom is identified by the number of...
protons
Name the three subatomic particles and their corresponding charges.
Proton +1
Neutron 0
Electron -1
Which group of elements is nonreactive?
Noble gases
What two pieces of information about an atom is provided by the atomic number?
The number of protons and the number of electrons equal the atomic number.
What is the mass number of an atom with 6 protons and 8 neutrons?
14
Why do metalloids sit in between metals and nonmetals on the periodic table?
Metalloids have properties of both metals and nonmetals.
Name the three subatomic particles and their corresponding location.
Proton and neutron - inside the nucleus
Electron - outside the nucleus (electron cloud).
Most elements are in which state of matter at room temperature?
solid (metals)
An atom has 4 protons, 4 electrons, and 5 neutrons. What is its atomic number?
4
How many valence electrons does the halogen group have?
7
Which group (or groups) is (or are) the most reactive?
Alkali Metals and Halogens
What is the correct mass of a proton or neutron (with units)?
1 amu
Do elements within a group or period share more properties?
Group
How do you determine the number of neutrons an atom has?
Atomic mass - atomic number = number of neutrons
How many total electrons does a neutral sodium (Na) atom have?
11
The element found in Group 14 and Period 3 is...
Silicon
What is the correct mass of an electron (with correct units)?
0.0005amu
Provide the four group names and their corresponding number of valence electrons (do not include transition metals).
Alkali Metals = 1 valence electron
Alkaline Earth Metals = 2 valence electrons
Halogens = 7 valence electrons
Noble Gases = 8 valence electrons
Draw a neutral and stable oxygen atom.
8 protons and 8 neutrons in the nucleus.
2 electrons in the first energy level, 6 electrons in the second energy level.
Sodium chloride (NaCl) is the chemical formula for table salt.
Why does sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl) have so much affinity (desire) to form bonds?
Sodium has one valence electron and chlorine has 7 valence electrons. If they share their valence electrons in a bond, they will both have a full outer shell.
A substance in which all of the atoms have the same number of protons is called...
element