Atoms
Which particle inside an atom is the lightest?
Electron
The columns in a periodic table are called...
Groups
An element contains 8 electrons. What is its electron configuration?
2,6
We need _____________ to form products in a chemical reaction
Reactants
What are the three types of radioactive decay?
Alpha, beta, gamma
Which particles are found in the nucleus?
Protons and neutrons
The rows in a periodic table are called...
Periods
A Ca2+ ion is different from a calcium atom. This is because it has ________ electrons.
Less/lost
What are three factors that effect rate of reaction?
Temperature, surface area, concentration, a catalyst, pressure
Which type of decay has the highest penetrating ability?
Gamma
The atomic number tells us how many _____________ are in an atom
Protons
The columns tell us how many __________ ___________ an atom has
Valence electrons (electrons in outer shell)
Ionic bonding involves the ______________ of electrons, while covalent bonding involves ________________ of electrons
ionic = transferring/donating
covalent = sharing
Why do we need to balance equations?
Conservation of mass - what we start with we need to end with. Cannot create or destroy atoms, just rearrange.
Which type of decay has the highest ionising ability?
Alpha
If an atom has 8 protons and 9 neutrons, its mass number is...
17 (protons + neutrons)
The elements in Group 1 react violently with...
Water
Lithium (electron structure 2,1) will react with chlorine (electron structure 2,8,7) to form...
LiCl (1 Li to balance 1 Cl - overall neutral charge)
If a combustion reaction has CO (carbon monoxide) as a product, what type of combustion has occured?
Incomplete
What is the radioactive product of beta decay?
A beta particle / electron. Also an antineutrino.
Why is the mass number on a periodic table generally not a whole number?
Because it is the relative average mass (average mass of all known isotopes)
The elements in Group 8/18 are called the...
Noble gases
Predict the ionic compound formed by Magnesium (12 electrons) and Fluorine (9 electrons)
MgF2
Why does surface area effect rate of reaction?
More area means more opportunity for collisions between particles to occur (increases frequency of collisions)
Why are some atoms radioactive?
The nucleus of the atom is unstable due to an imbalance of protons and neutrons. Generally elements with an atomic number higher than 82 are radioactive.