Atoms
Elements & Compounds
Matter
Periodic Table
Misc.
100
What is the smallest unit of an element?
The Atom
100
What is an element?
Substance made of one type of atom
100
What are the three states of matter?
Solid, Liquid, and Gas
100
How are elements arranged on the periodic table?
Increasing Atomic Number, Groups/Families (columns) and Periods (rows), and Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids.
100
What element is in group 16 period 4?
Selenium
200
Name the three subatomic particles and their charges?
Proton (+), Neutrons (0), Electron (-)
200
What is a compound?
Substance made of two or more elements chemically bonded together
200
Describe particle motion in a solid
Vibrate in fixed positions - can not move past one another BUT still moving! Holds its shape because of this
200
What does the atomic number represent?
The Number of Protons the element has.
200
What causes an atom to have a neutral charge?
The number of electrons must equal the number of protons for the atom's overall net charge to be 0.
300
Where are protons and neutrons located in an atom?
In the nucleus
300
How are compounds and molecules similar but different?
Both are made of more than one atom; compounds must have two or more different elements bonded togehter; molecules can be compounds and also be two of the same type of atoms bonded together (aka an element).
300
Describe particle motion in a gas.
Move freely and spread apart moving fast and filling their container.
300
Why do elements in the same group have similar properties?
They have the same number of valence electrons (electrons in their outer ring).
300
What gives an atom its mass? Where in the atom is it located?
The protons and neutrons give the atom its mass and they are both located in the nucleus (center) of the atom.
400
What determines the identity of an element?
Number of Protons (Atomic Number)
400
Give an example of a compound and list its elements.
Water (H2O) - Hydrogen and Oxygen
Carbon Dioxide (CO2) - Carbon and Oxygen
Methane (CH4) - Carbon and Hydrogen
400
What happens to particle motion when a solid melts?
When a solid melts, it is turning into a liquid and the particles will begin to move past each other. The particles gain energy (increase in temperature) and move faster, weakening the bonds of attraction between the particles.
400
Name one property that metals share. Name one property that nonmetals share. Name one property that metalloids share.
Metals: Shiny, Good Conductors, most are solid
Nonmetals: Dull, Poor Conductors, brittle
Metalloids: Share a little bit of both metals and nonmetals - Semiconductors
400
Draw and label an atom showing protons, neutrons, and electrons.
500
Explain why electrons, whose mass is significantly smaller than protons and neutrons, are not considered the smallest unit of an element.
Electrons are subatomic particles, not the whole element. It is the combination of protons, neutrons, and electrons that make up the atom, and atoms are the smallest unit that make up an element.
500
Why are there only a finite (limited) number of elements but an almost infinite number of compounds?
Limited elements combine in many ways to form compounds
500
What happens as a liquid freezes?
When a liquid freezes, it is turning into a solid and the particles will begin to lock into place. The particles lose energy (due to decrease in temperature) and move slower (BUT still moving - vibrating), strengthening the bonds of attraction between the particles.
500
Where are nonmetals located on the periodic table?
Where are metals located on the periodic table?
Where are metalloids located on the periodic table?
Nonmetals: On the right side
Metals: On the left side
Metalloids: Between metals and nonmetals
500
How many elements are in the compound H2SO4 and what are they?
There are three elements (Hydrogen, Sulfur, and Oxygen)