Atomic Structure
What is the nucleus?
The center of an atom
What are periods?
horizontal rows
H₂O has this many hydrogen atoms
2
Type of bond formed by sharing electrons
covalent bonds
Na + Cl
Ionic (metal + nonmetal)
What are electrons?
Negatively charged particles
What are groups/families?
vertical or horizontal
Vertical columns
CO₂ has this many oxygen atoms
2
Type of bond formed by the transfer of electrons
Ionic bond
H + H
Covalent (nonmetal + nonmetal)
What is a proton?
has a positive charge
How many valence electrons in Sodium (NA)?
1
CH₄ has total atoms equal to
5
Metal + nonmetal makes this bond
ionic
Mg + O
Ionic (metal + nonmetal)
What is the maximum number of electrons that can fit in the first and second energy levels of an atom?
2 electrons in the first energy level and 8 electrons in the second energy level
Metals tend to do this with electrons
Lose electrons
The small number in a formula is called
subscript
Nonmetal + nonmetal makes this bond
covalent bond
C + H
Covalent (nonmetal + nonmetal)
In a neutral atom, which two types of particles must be equal in number?
protons and electrons
Nonmetals tend to do this with electrons
Gain or share electrons
2H₂O contains how many hydrogen atoms
4 hydrogen atoms
table salt (NaCl) is ionic or covalent bond
ionic bond
N + N
Covalent (same nonmetal atoms share electrons)