the structure of an atom
What is a proton?
a positive charge, in the nucleus, they have a mass of 1 AMU
What is an Isotope?
Where are metals found on the Periodic Table?
Found to the left of the zigzag line on the periodic table
What is an Orbital?
Rings, where the electrons are
When do Covalent Bonds form?
When atoms share electrons
Non-metal + non-metal
What is a neutron?
Has no charge, in the nucleus, has the same mass as protons (1 AMU)
What is an Ion?
number of protons-number of electrons----->to calculate the overall charge
Where are nonmetals found on the periodic table?
found to the right of the zigzag line on the periodic table
What is a period on the periodic table?
a period is a row of elements that have the same amout of Orbitals
When do Ionic Bonds form?
When oppositely charged ions are attracted to each other
Metals + non-metals
What is an electron?
Has a negative charge, outside of nucleus (in orbitals), has no mass
What are Cation and Anion?
Cation~a positive ion (lose electrons)
Anion~ a negative ion (gain electrons)
Where are metalloids found on the periodic table?
Found along the zigzag line on the periodic table. Except for aluminum
What are rows in the periodic table?
Rows all have the same elements in a period, have the same number of atomic orbitals
What are covalent bonds and Ionic Bonds classified as?
Chemical bonds----- to become stable, to have 8
Can elements have the same atomic number?
No, because no 2 elements can have the same atomic number because it determines the identity of the substance.
Protons=Atomic number
Name of element- mass number (protons + neutrons)
Ex. ~ Carbon-13
P-6 N-7 E-6
What are the tree major groups on the periodic table
Metals, non-metals, and metalloids. Elements within each group have similar physical and chemical properties
What are families on the periodic table
Have similar chemical properties (18), have families in vertical columns
What are valence electrons?
Are the electrons in the outermost energy level
What are Neutral atoms?
Have the same number of protons and electrons, no overall charge, as written on the periodic table, all atoms are neutral
What is a Isotope symbol?
atomic number C-6 (charge)
above the atomic number is the mass number of 12
What are the 7 metalloids?
Boron, Siliconn, Germanium, arsenic, antimony, tellurium, and plonium
What is the difference between Alkali Metals and Alkali Earth Metals?
Alkali metals~ have one electron in the outer shell (+1 charge), very reactive to water because they want to be stable
Alkali Earth Metals~ 2 electrons in the outer shell (+2 charge)
What are valence electrons of an atom used for?
They're responsible for bonding and to be stable