Parts of an Atom
What negatively charged particles are found in the electron cloud?
Electrons
What are the columns of the periodic table called?
Families
In 440 BC, Democritus proposed that all matter was made up of small uncuttable pieces. What are these pieces called?
Atoms (Democritus called them "atomos")
The symbol "H" describes which element?
Hydrogen
The smallest particle of an element that retains the element's properties is called...
An atom
What charge are neutrons?
Neutral
What are the rows of the periodic table called?
Periods
What are the 3 parts of John Dalton's (1808) Atomic Theory? (name at least one, extra 50 points for each additional answer)
1. All matter is made of atoms.
Atoms are indivisible and indestructible.
2. All atoms of a given element are identical
in mass, size, and chemical properties
3. Compounds are formed by a combination
of two or more different kinds of atoms.
Is Aluminum (Al) a metal, metalloid, or non-metal?
What is the Atomic Number?
The number of protons in the nucleus
Which two particles make up the nucleus?
Protons and Neutrons
Why are elements grouped together in families?
They have similar properties and react in similar ways.
Niels Bohr used the terms orbitals, shells, and energy levels to describe what?
"Ne" is the symbol for which element?
Neon
Two or more atoms bonded together is called a...
Molecule
Are atoms made up of mostly empty space?
Yes, atoms are made up mostly empty space as the nucleus is very small compared to the overall volume of the atom. The electron cloud is very spread out, while the nucleus is tightly packed together.
Metalloids share properties of both ____ and ____.
Metals and nonmetals
Why are the orbiting electrons of an atom called an electron cloud?
The electrons are so small and move so quickly that we don't know exactly where the electrons are at any given time. They move so fast it seems like a cloud to scientists. All we can do is make guesses and predictions of where electrons will be.
Carbon (C) has an atomic number of 6 and an atomic mass of 12. How many neutrons are in the nucleus of a carbon atom?
6
DAILY DOUBLE:
Lebron has a finals record of 4/6. Which elements on the periodic table have an atomic number of 4 and an atomic number of 6?
Beryllium and Carbon
Where is most of the weight/mass of an atom located?
The nucleus
List at least one characteristic of a metal (double points if you can name two characteristics)?
1. luster
2. conductors
3. malleability
4. ductility
5. strong and dense
The Gold Foil Experiment
Hydrogen, Helium, and Oxygen make up what % of the total elements in the universe?
99%
The outermost shell of electrons, involved in forming chemical bonds, are called...
Valence electrons