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What are the 3 subatomic particles?
Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons.
The way in which acids react with some metals so as to wear away the metal.
What is corrosive?
The average mass of all the isotopes of an element.
What is the atomic mass?
A table that organizes elements by atomic number.
What is the Periodic Table?
A substance that tastes bitter and feels slippery.
What is a base?
A substance that reacts with metals and carbonates.
What is an acid?
This scientist proposed that electrons move in orbits.
Who is Bohr?
This person discovered that atoms contain negatively charged particles.
Who is Thomson?
The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.
What is the atomic number?
The central core which contains protons and neutrons.
What is the nucleus?
This person discovered the nucleus through gold foil experiment.
Who is Rutherford?
The periodic table is organized in columns called periods and rows called groups. (True/False)
False: Rows are periods and columns are groups.
Mendeleev organized the first periodic table by increasing atomic number. (True/False)
False: Atomic Mass
Chlorine has 17 protons and 18 neutrons. Its mass number will be
35
What is the difference between an element and a compound? Give an example of each.
Element - one type of compound Ex: oxygen, carbon, gold. Compound - 2 or more elements combined Ex: water, carbon dioxide.
Compare the physical properties of metals, non metals, and metalloids.
Nonmetals are dull and poor conductors of heat and electricity. Ex Carbon
Metalloids are semi-conductors Ex: silicon
Why does sodium and chlorine bond together? Explain the type of bond.
Sodium (metal) has 1 valence electron and chlorine (non metal) needs to gain 1 electron to form an ionic bond.
Compare the reactivity of elements with 3 valence electrons and 1 valence electron.
Elements with 3 valence electrons have less reactivity than those with 1 valence electron because less energy is required to lose just 1 electron.
How are single, double, and triple bonds different?
single bond - sharing of a single pair of electron. Ex Carbon
double bond - sharing of 2 pairs of electrons. Ex oxygen
triple bond - sharing of 3 pairs of electrons. Ex Nitrogen
How many protons, neutrons, and electrons are there in Phosphorus (At # 15, Mass # 30.97)?
Protons: 15
Neutrons: 16
Electrons: 15
What happens when you mix an acid and a base?
Neutralization occurs causing salt and water.
Give an example reaction of any acid and a base. Name the reactants and the products.
HCl + NaOH = NaCl + H2O
Explain the reactivity of noble gases using the periodic table.
Nobel gases have the least reactivity because they are in the last group of the periodic table. They have completely filled outermost shells which makes them very stable.
The size of the atoms increase because their atomic mass increases, holding more protons, neutrons, and hence electrons.
Name the 4 descriptions seen for any element on the periodic table.
Atomic Mass, Atomic Number, Chemical symbol, and Element name.