Basic Concepts
Accountability means:
A. Making profit
B. Obligation to explain actions
C. Avoiding responsibility
D. Private management
B. Obligation to explain actions
Which audit checks financial statements?
A. Performance audit
B. Compliance audit
C. Financial audit
D. Internal audit
C. Financial audit
The Audit Act was introduced in:
A. 1948
B. 1957
C. 1963
D. 1970
B. 1957
Who approves the annual budget?
A. Auditor-General
B. Treasury
C. Parliament
D. PAC
C. Parliament
Which case involved oil palm plantations?
A. UKM
B. FELCRA
C. Tentera Darat
D. MOF
B. FELCRA
Why is accountability important?
A. To increase taxes
B. To ensure power is used properly
C. To reduce audits
D. To hide mistakes
B. To ensure power is used properly
Which audit checks laws and regulations?
A. Financial audit
B. Compliance audit
C. Performance audit
D. Interim audit
B. Compliance audit
The Auditor-General audits:
A. Private companies only
B. Federal and State governments
C. NGOs only
D. Individuals only
B. Federal and State governments
Who conducts audit work?
A. Ministry
B. Treasury
C. National Audit Department
D. Cabinet
C. National Audit Department
The UKM case mainly involved:
A. Delayed delivery
B. Poor asset management
C. Lack of tender transparency
D. Tax evasion
C. Lack of tender transparency
Accountability requires public officers to:
A. Follow instructions without question
B. Accept responsibility for outcomes of decisions
C. Ensure profit maximisation
D. Avoid public disclosure
B. Accept responsibility for outcomes of decisions
The audit that emphasises economy, efficiency, and effectiveness is:
A. Financial audit
B. Interim audit
C. Performance audit
D. Final audit
C. Performance audit
Which of the following is NOT a core audit mandated under the Audit Act?
A. Financial audit
B. Compliance audit
C. Performance audit
D. Forensic audit
D. Forensic audit
Which body examines the Auditor-General’s findings?
A. Cabinet
B. Public Accounts Committee
C. Treasury
D. Ministry of Finance
B. Public Accounts Committee
The Tentera Darat case mainly highlighted:
A. Poor inventory records
B. Contract delays and penalty failures
C. Misuse of operating expenditure
D. Unauthorised procurement
B. Contract delays and penalty failures
The statement “without accounting, accountability cannot exist” implies:
A. Accounting replaces management
B. Accountability depends on reliable financial information
C. Audits eliminate all misuse
D. Budgeting is more important than reporting
B. Accountability depends on reliable financial information
An interim audit is MOST useful for:
A. Issuing the audit certificate
B. Detecting issues before year-end
C. Finalising financial statements
D. Approving budget allocations
B. Detecting issues before year-end
The Auditor-General’s independence is supported by the power to:
A. Approve national expenditure
B. Access records and conduct investigations
C. Direct government policy
D. Control treasury operations
B. Access records and conduct investigations
After the audit is completed, the report is first submitted to:
A. Parliament
B. Public Accounts Committee
C. Yang di-Pertuan Agong
D. Accountant General
C. Yang di-Pertuan Agong
A common weakness across all three cases was:
A. Insufficient staffing
B. Weak governance and supervision
C. Inadequate funding
D. Complex legal framework
B. Weak governance and supervision
Modern public sector accountability differs from traditional views because it:
A. Focuses only on bookkeeping accuracy
B. Applies only to financial performance
C. Represents a broader concept of good governance
D. Eliminates the need for audits
C. Represents a broader concept of good governance
Which objective is MOST closely associated with a final audit?
A. Planning audit scope
B. Preliminary risk assessment
C. Verifying completeness and accuracy
D. Budgetary compliance review
C. Verifying completeness and accuracy
Public accountability is strengthened when audit reports are:
A. Submitted to ministries
B. Reviewed internally
C. Tabled in Parliament
D. Approved by Treasury
C. Tabled in Parliament
Which sequence BEST represents the final stage of accountability?
A. Budget approval → Audit → Implementation
B. Implementation → Audit → PAC examination
C. Audit → Treasury review → Budget revision
D. Implementation → Treasury approval → Audit
B. Implementation → Audit → PAC examination
All of the cases MOST strongly demonstrate the need for:
A. Reduced public disclosure
B. Stronger internal control and accountability
C. Fewer audit cycles
D. Centralised decision-making
B. Stronger internal control and accountability