Roots
Soil moisture plays a significant role in helping or hurting the root systems and involves the following:
Available water
Unavailable water
Water-holding capacity
What are the functions of a stem?
The following are four functions of stems.
Stems support the leaves. They hold the
leaves in the most efficient position to collect
sunlight.
Stems move water, minerals, and
manufactured food throughout the whole
plant. The movement of materials through
vascular tissues is known as translocation.
What are the parts of a flower
and their functions?
Flowers are the most obvious part of most plants.
Purpose of flowers
Intricate and important parts
Male and female parts
What is a fruit?
A fruit is a mature, ripened ovary.
What are the two types of root systems?
taproot system.
fibrous root system.
What are some of the structures on
the outside of a stem?
Many structures on the stem are useful
to us in identifying plants.
The following are some external
structures on a stem.
The growing point at the tip of the stem,
called the apical meristem, is contained
inside of the bud at the end of the stem,
which is called the terminal bud.
The apical meristem is the same type of
structure that the tip of the root has and is
responsible for growth in the length of the
plant.
What are the types of flowers?
1. A flower that has both male and female parts is
called a perfect flower.
2. A flower that is missing either male or female
parts is called an imperfect
flower.
what functions does it serve?
Two main functions of fruit
To prevent the seeds from drying and disperse the
seeds.
What are the functions of a
plant’s roots?
The roots anchor the plant to the ground and support the above ground part of the plant.
The roots store food that has been made through photosynthesis.
This food can be used later when a plant needs it to grow or survive.
What are some of the structures
inside a stem?
Inside of the stem, there are tissues
used to transport materials throughout
the plant.
Stem tissues are organized in one of the
following ways.
The important vascular tissues are either
found in small bundles scattered
throughout the stem or arranged in rings
or a ring of vascular bundles, which are
located in the cortex.
What are the types of flowers?
1. Monoecious plants bear both male and female
flowers on one plant. Corn, cucumbers, and oaks
are monecious.
2. Dioecious plants have male and female flowers
on separate plants. Soybeans, asparagus, kiwi,
and hemp are examples of dioecious plants.
What are the basic types of fruits?
Simple Fruits
Aggregate Fruits
Multiple Fruits
What are the parts of a root?
primary root
secondary roots.
apical meristem.
root cap
What are some different kinds of
specialized stems?
We generally expect stems to be upright
and above ground.
Some stems are modified to store food or
to help the plant reproduce.
What are the parts of a flower
and their functions?
The female part of a flower is called the pistil.
1. The pistil is made up of a sticky tissue at its end called the stigma
that is receptive to pollen.
2. Below the stigma is a rod-shaped middle part called the style and a
swollen base containing eggs called the
ovary. Once the pollen reaches the stigma,
it forms a pollen tube down through the
style to the ovary where sperm is deposited.
3. Flowers that have only female
parts are called pistillate.
How do fruit develop and mature?
From fertilization
to ripened fruit
Identify the parts of a fruit
Pericarp- Tissue that surrounds the seeds
Three parts
Exocarp
Mesocarp
Endocarp
What does a healthy root system look like?
A healthy root system is white or nearly white in color and smells fresh.
What are some different kinds of
specialized stems?
A rhizome is a thick
underground stem that lies
horizontally. Hostas are
rhizomes.
A stolon is a horizontal stem
that lies above the ground.
Stolons are sometimes called
runners and tend to be
involved with the spreading of
the plant. Strawberries spread
by stolon.
What is an inflorescence and what
are the types of inflorescences?
Flowers are borne on plant stems in one of two
ways. Some plants have solitary flowers, such as
the tulip, narcissus, and rose.
Other plants have flower clusters, known as an
inflorescence. An inflorescence is actually the
branching system of the stem.
The main stem of an inflorescence is known as the
peduncle. Pedicels that branch from the peduncle
support individual flowers.
How are seedless fruits produced?
Define parthenocarpy- development of a fruit
without fertilization