Roman Politics
The sequential order of public offices held by aspiring politicians in both the Roman Republic and the early Roman Empire. It was designed for men of senatorial rank.
What is 'Cursus Honorum'
The key battle that saw Octavian assume control of the Egyptian provinces and defeated this military/political rivals
What is the 'Battle of Actium'
This event occurred in 27 BCE. Augustus gave power back to the Senate and the people. He now held proconsular imperium over parts of the empire that needed defence, and consular imperium over Rome and Italy.
What is the 'First Settlement'
A Latin honorific meaning "Father of the Country", or more literally, "Father of the Fatherland". This honour was conferred by the Roman Senate. This was one of Augustus’ 5 official titles.
What is Pater Patriae
Augustus held this role 13 times. This was the highest official role on the cursus honorum and was held by two people. Supreme civil and military magistrate.
What is 'Consulship'
A form of authority held to control a military or governmental entity. One's… could be over a specific military unit, or it could be over a province or territory
What is 'Imperium'
Augustus introduced a series of Laws to address the moral decline of Rome and return it to traditional values.
What is 'Lex Julia'
The chief high priest of the College of Pontiffs (Collegium Pontificum) in ancient Rome. This was the most important position in ancient Roman religion. Augustus gained this title after the death of Lepidus.
Pontifex Maximus
This term referred to the general level of prestige a person had in Roman society, and his clout, influence, and ability to rally support around his will. It is often translated as ‘influence’ and ‘prestige’.
What is 'auctoritas'
The commander of Octavian's forces at Actium, a friend of Augustus and later Governor of Gaul
Who is 'Marcus Agrippa'
The act of declaring a person to be a god. This was done to Julius Caesar after the appearance of Caesar's Comet (also Sidus Iulium ("Julian Star"); which was seen in the sky for 7 days in July 44 BC.
What is 'Deification'
A military title that Augustus used in the Eastern provinces. Suggested absolute military control/ power.
What is 'Imperator'
These were originally men who could afford a horse in the army. By the late republic, they were Rome’s businessmen in the provinces; the ones who generated the wealth but had no say in political decisions.
What is 'Equestrian'
The battle that saw the end of Julius Caesar's Assassins
What is the 'Battle of Philippi'
A listing of Roman citizens who had been declared outlaws and whose goods were confiscated. Rewards were offered to anyone killing or betraying these individuals; severe penalties were given to anyone harbouring them.
What are ' Proscriptions'
Latin: “first one,” or “leader”. The unofficial title used by the Roman emperors from Augustus (reigned 27 BCE – AD 14) to Diocletian (reigned ad 284–305). Thus, this period in Roman history is known as the principate.
What is 'Princep'
Official political alliance of Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus (Caesar Augustus), Marcus Antonius (Mark Antony), and Marcus Aemilius Lepidus, formed on 27 November 43 BC
Second Triumvirate
A high-ranking Roman military officer in the Roman Army. Initially used to delegate power, the term became formalised under Augustus as the officer in command of a legion.
What is 'Legate'
In 23 BCE Augustus resigned the consulship (still held the power of consul for life) but gained Maius Imperium Proconsulare (unlimited control of the army and all provinces) and the powers of tribune for life.
What is the 'Second Settlement'
("First Citizen") was an official title of a Roman Emperor at the beginning of the Roman Empire. This usage of "princeps" derived from the position of Princeps senatus, the " first among equals.
What is 'Princeps Civitatis'