Federation A
What is Federation?
The joining of colonies to form one nation under it's own government.
Did everyone support Australian Federation?
No
What symbol on the Australian flag represents the Federation of the states?
The seven-pointed star (the Commonwealth Star).
In what town did Henry Parkes give his most famous speech?
In Tenterfield, NSW
After Federation, Aboriginal people had a lot more rights and better living conditions.
True or False
False.
What date did Australia's Federation occur?
January 1st, 1901
What speech encouraged the colonies to unite?
Tenterfield Oration
What name is Henry Parkes affectionately known as?
The Father of Federation
In which year did Henry Parkes give the Tenterfield Oration?
1889
What other country nearly became a part of Australia during Federation?
New Zealand
How many British colonies were there, that debated about whether they should become one nation or not?
Six
Why were some people opposed to the Federation?
a) a new parliament would be expensive and cost more in taxes.
b) worried it would loosen immigration laws and allow non-white Europeans to immigrate to the country.
c) worried that it would stop farmers getting cheap labour from the Pacific Islands.
In what year did Henry Parkes become Premier of NSW?
a) 1850
b) 1872
c) 1865
1872
What was the main aim of Parkes' speech?
To encourage the federation of the six colonies into one country, with one federal government.
What is a Constitution?
A set of rules that explains how a country is run.
What needed to be written and checked before the colonies could federate and separate from British rule?
The Constitution
Who was the first Prime Minister of the Australian nation in 1901?
Edmund Barton
Henry Parkes had no formal education after the age of eight?
True or false?
True
Who did Parkes present his speech to, believing that federation would benefit this group most?
The city community or the rural community?
The rural community
When was the Northern Territory separated from South Australia?
1911
Britain was known as the...
Mother Country
What was one of the advantages of Federation?
-One, unified defence force.
- Easy travel across states, with railway tracks that are the same size.
-The removal of tariffs (taxes) on goods and services that crossed colonies.
-Immigration could become more strict.
-More independence from Britain, 'The Mother Country'.
What problem did the colonies have with defence before Federation?
Each colony had its own small defence force, making protection difficult.
What were the three main arguments that Henry Parkes had to promote Federation?
1) a unified defence force
2) free trade between colonies (no taxes on goods and services as they travel between colonies)
3) a uniform railway system
Who was the reigning monarch in Britain at the time of Federation?
Queen Victoria