Reduced Adverb Clauses
Reduce the adverb clause:
Since she graduated from college last year, Stephanie has had one job after another. She should find a job she likes and stick to it.
Since graduating from college last year, Stephanie has had one job after another.
Change this sentence to passive voice:
Stella mailed the letter.
The letter was mailed (by Stella).
Thuy avoided (make) a mistake on her test.
Thuy avoided making a mistake on her test.
Combine these sentences. Make the second sentence the adjective clause.
Maryland is a state. It is known for its seafood.
Maryland is a state that/which is known for its seafood.
He ______(call) his granddaughter daily.
He calls his granddaughter daily.
Reduce the adverb clause:
Since Beth and Patrick have opened their own coffee shop, they have been working seven days a week.
Since opening their own coffee shop
OR
Opening their own coffee shop
OR
Having opened their own coffee shop
Change this sentence to passive voice:
Once a week, Kazuya cleans his office.
Once a week, Kazuya's office is cleaned.
Are we permitted (use) a dictionary for the essay?
Are we permitted to use a dictionary for the essay?
Combine these sentences. Make the second sentence the adjective clause.
My uncle lives in San Francisco. He owns a motel there.
My uncle lives in San Francisco, where he owns a motel.
OR
My uncle, who owns a motel, lives in San Francisco.
The movie that we ____(see) last night was really awful.
The movie that we saw last night was really awful.
Reduce the adverb clause:
After Sunita had made a delicious chicken curry for her friends, they wanted the recipe.
You cannot reduce this adverb clause!
Change this sentence to passive voice:
I knew Tuba would finish the work.
I knew the work would be finished by Tuba.
Remedios thanked us for (give) her a ride to school.
Remedios thanked us for giving her a ride to school.
Combine these sentences. Make the second sentence the adjective clause.
My backyard is surrounded by a fence. My dog plays there.
My backyard, where my dog plays, is surrounded by a fence.
You have been sitting there for two hours.
Reduce the adverb clause:
Since Mr. Chang forgot his briefcase, he didn't have the papers he needed for his meeting with the lawyers and accountants.
Change this sentence to passive voice:
Scientists have conducted experiments to test the theory.
Experiments have been conducted to test the theory.
The apartment owner suggested (raise) the rent.
The apartment owner suggested raising the rent.
Combine these sentences. Make the second sentence an adjective clause.
Do you remember that day? We went swimming at the lake then.
Do you remember that day when we went swimming at the lake?
I ____(go) to Greece until Sally and I went there last summer.
I had never gone to Greece until Sally and I went there last summer.
Reduce the adverb clause:
Because she stands on her feet for eight hours at work every day, Violet has to ice her feet every night.
Standing on her feet for eight how at work every day, Violet has to ice her feet every night.
Change this sentence to passive voice:
The leaders are seeking a resolution to the crisis.
A resolution to the crisis is being sought.
Cuong planned (arrive) early to study for the quiz.
Cuong planned to arrive early to study for the quiz.
Combine these sentences. Make the second sentence an adjective clause.
Jeff recently wrote a novel about the NFL. His son is a football player.
Jeff, whose son is a football player, wrote a novel about the NFL.
She ________ (prepare) lunch when someone rang the doorbell.
She was preparing lunch when someone rang the doorbell.