Physical Science
What is the formula to calculate speed?
S=D/T
What is the most abundant gas in Earth's atmosphere?
Nitrogen
What is the biggest planet in our solar system?
Jupiter
What is the powerhouse of the cell?
Mitochondria
Name the three states of matter.
Solid, liquid, gas
How are sedimentary rocks formed?
Pieces of rock are loosened by weathering, then transported to some basin or depression where sediment is trapped. If the sediment is buried deeply, it becomes compacted and cemented, forming sedimentary rock.
How is a comet different from a meteoroid?
Comets are made of ice and dust while asteroids are made of rock
Name the process by which plants make their food.
Photosynthesis
Define inertia in terms of physics.
Inertia is the tendency of objects in motion to stay in motion, and objects at rest to stay at rest, unless a force causes its speed or direction to change.
Define the greenhouse effect.
Is the process through which heat is trapped near Earth's surface by substances known as greenhouse gases.
Describe the phases of the moon.
New: We cannot see the Moon when it is a new moon. Waxing Crescent: In the Northern Hemisphere, we see the waxing crescent phase as a thin crescent of light on the right. First Quarter: We see the first quarter phase as a half moon. Waxing Gibbous: The waxing gibbous phase is between a half moon and full moon.
Define natural selection.
Organisms that are more adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and pass on the genes that aided their success. This process causes species to change and diverge over time.
Explain the difference between potential and kinetic energy.
Potential Energy is the stored energyin an object or system because of its position or configuration. Kinetic energy of an object is relative to other moving and stationary objects in its immediate environment. Potential energy is not relative to the environment of an object.
What causes tides on Earth?
They are caused by the gravitational forces exerted on the earth by the moon, and to a lesser extent, the sun.
What is a light year?
A light-year is the distance light travels in one Earth year.
What is the function of white blood cells in the body?
They help the body fight infection and other diseases.
How do you calculate work in physics?
Work = Force × Distance.
Name the layers of the Earth's atmosphere.
From lowest to highest, the major layers are the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere and exosphere.
Explain the concept of black holes in space.
A black hole is a place in space where gravity pulls so much that even light can not get out.
Explain the difference between mitosis and meiosis.
Mitosis produces two genetically identical “daughter” cells from a single “parent” cell, whereas meiosis produces cells that are genetically unique from the parent and contain only half as much DNA.