Earthquakes
What is the place where an earthquake starts underground called?
The focus point.
What two things cause tsunamis
Magma will rise up and form a __________ __________ a few kilometres under the surface
magma chamber
What are the convection currents driven by?
The Earth's internal heat.
Where is the Earth's Crust thickest?
In mountainous regions
What are smaller earthquakes that follow large earthquakes called?
Tsunamis can travel as fast as a _____ ___________.
jet plane
Shield volcanoes have thick or thin (runny) lava
Thin (runny) lava.
Tectonic plates move between _ - ___ cm per year
2 - 15 cm
What is the boundary between the crust and the mantle called
The Moho discontinuity.
What are the two types of surface waves?
Love waves and Rayleigh waves
What causes tsunamis to be so destructive
The wavelengths
What is the most common type of volcano
composite volcanoes
When two continental plates collide, it causes the crust to ...
form mountains.
What is the Mantle made of
molten rock
What are the three plate boundaries called
divergent boundary, convergent boundary, and transform boundary.
How high can a tsunami rise above sea level?
35 m
Explosive eruptions throw what three things into the atmosphere?
ash, rock, and pieces of lava.
Subduction of the oceanic crust creates
deep oceanic trenches
What is the outer core made of?
Molten nickel and iron.
What type of waves move in a crossways fashion?
S-waves or secondary waves.
What is the longest wavelength a tsunami can have?
1,000 km
What type of flow forms during an effusive eruption?
lava flow
At what plate boundary do underwater mountain ranges form?
Divergent boundaries.
Why is the Earth's inner core solid?
The immense pressure placed on it by the weight of the Earth.