Characteristics & Hiearchy
Humans digest food to produce energy in the form of ATP. Which characteristic of life is this?
metabolism
Name the 3 domains of life
bacteria, archaea, eukarya
This type of reasoning moves from specific observations to general generalizations
Induction
These three subatomic particles make up an atom.
protons, neutrons, electrons
List the main properties of water that are essential for life.
cohesion/adhesion, moderation of temperature, expansion of freezing, versatility as a solvent
This process allows a caterpillar to develop into a butterfly.
growth and development
This branch of biology formally order species in a series of increasing breadth
taxonomy
"All enzymes are proteins. Catalase is an enzyme; therefore, it is a protein." This is an example of what logic?
deduction
This number is calculated by adding the total number of protons and neutrons in an atom.
mass number
Define the difference between cohesion and adhesion and provide one example of capillary action.
Cohesion is attraction between like molecules (water to water), while adhesion is binding to unlike molecules (water to glass). Capillary action is water moving up a narrow tube (like a plant stem) using both forces.
This level of organization is defined as 'all the individuals of a given species within a boundary'.
population
These 3 eukaryotic kingdoms are classified primarily based on their energy consumption
taxonomy
Name two essential features of a "good" hypothesis.
Any two of: Possible explanation, based on past data, testable, or falsifiable
This type of chemical bond involves the sharing of a pair of electrons between two atoms.
covalent bond
Why is water considered a good "heat reservoir," and what is the difference between heat and temperature?
It can absorb or release a lot of heat with small changes in temperature. Heat is the total kinetic energy in a body of matter, while temperature is the average kinetic energy.
List in order from smallest to largest: organ, tissue, cell, organism
cell -> tissue -> organ -> organism
Does evolution occur at the species level or individual level?
Species level
This term describes a hypothesis that has been tested over and over again.
theory
Why do the electrons in the outer shell of an atom have the highest potential energy?
Because they are less strongly held by the protons in the nucleus compared to electrons in closer shells
Explain why ice floats on liquid water and how this property acts as a "blanket" for aquatic life.
Water is less dense as a solid than a liquid because it forms an open crystal structure. This ice creates an insulating layer that prevents the water below from freezing solid.
Identify which of these are considered 'more complex' rather than 'single-celled': atoms, macromolecules, tissues, communities
tissues and communities
Identify the 4 characteristics of natural selection
heritable traits, overproduction/ competition, unequal reproductive success, evolutionary adaptation
Why are there "no absolutes in biology" regarding hypotheses?
Because a hypothesis can be falsified (disproven) but can never be 100% proven
Carbon-12 and Carbon-14 are examples of this—atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons.
isotopes
Water dissociates into H+ and OH−. If a solution has a hydrogen ion concentration [H+] of 10−5, what is its pH and is it an acid or a base?
pH = 5; it is an acid