The Particle Model
How are the particles structured in a solid liquid and gas?
In a solid the particles are close together in a fixed position which forms a regular structure
In a liquid the particles are further apart and are free to move
In a gas the particles are furthest apart and are free to move
What is a chemical change?
A chemical change is when a chemical reaction takes place and a new substance is created.
What are chemical properties?
The properties of matter that become evident after a chemical reaction
What is a monomer?
A monomer is a small molecule that reacts with a similar molecule to form a larger molecule. It is the smallest unit in a polymer.
What are three examples of a chemical change?
Colour change, Odor, Bubbling, fizzing, Light production, Smoke, Presence of heat, Solid appearing as a precipitate
Are the forces in solids liquids and gases strong or weak?
Solid: Strong
Liquid: Weak
Gas: Very weak
What is a physical change?
In a physical change is when after the reaction there is no new substance made.
What are physical properties?
Properties that describes the physical characteristics of a substance
What is a polymer?
Polymers are materials made of long, repeating chains of molecules (monomers).
What are examples of a physical change?
Change in shape, texture, size, colour, state, volume, mass, weight or density
How to particles move in a solid liquid and gas?
In a solid the particles can vibrate but are too packed together to move
In a liquid the particles move to fill space and change shape.
In a gas the particles move quickly in all directions.
(Think about the particles)
Chemical reactions don’t easily reverse because the particles have been rearranged to create the new substance.
What are three examples of a Chemical property?
What are three examples of a Physical property?
Chemical: Flammable, Radioactive, Corrosive, Toxic, pH, Smoke, Explosive
Physical: Luster, Hardness, Malleable, Melting point, Density, Ductile, Conductive, Solubility and boiling point
What makes polymers different to other polymers?
Polymers have unique properties, depending on the type of monomer being bonded and how they are bonded.
If a solid, liquid and gas were put in containers what would happen?
The solid would remail in its shape
The liquid would change shape to fill the space of the container according to the volume of water
The gas would fill the container
What needs to be added to a solid to turn it into a liquid and added again to turn into a gas?
energy in the form of heat
Can a physical change be reversed? Why?
(Think about the particles)
Physical changes in matter are often reversible because the particles do not rearrange.
What are the chemical and physical properties of metal?
corrosive, Luster, malleable, dense, ductile, conductive
What is an example of synthetic polymers?
nylon, polyethylene, polyester, Teflon, or epoxy, Styrofoam
One day in the labs I observe a funny smell, light produced, a colour changes and a small increase in temperature.
Is this a chemical or physical change? Why?
This is a chemical change because a funny smell is an Odor, light has been produced and there has been an increase in temperature which are all chemical changes.
The change of colour can be physical or chemical but considering the other changes it can be assumed to be from the chemical change.
What needs to be done to gas to turn it into a liquid and done again to turn into a gas
Remove energy by removing heat
Is a chemical change an element, compound or mixture
Is a physical change an element, compound or mixture
Chemical change: compound
Physical change: mixture
What are the physical and chemical properties of plastic?
toxic when burned, flammable, resistant to chemicals, lightweight, strong
What is an example of a natural polymer?
silk, wool, DNA, cellulose and proteins.
Why are biodegradable bags so important today? What is so bad about plastic bags? (refer to the chemical properties of plastic bags)
Plastic bags are toxic when burned, flammable and resistant to chemical change, this means that they do not break down in the environment for a very long time. While they are good because they are reusable, they end up in oceans and as litter which causes damage to our environment and wildlife. This is why there is such a push for biodegradable bags, even if they are not as reusable.