Key Word Transformations
Whatever you do, don’t lift that heavy suitcase.
I’d advise you not ___ (UP) that heavy suitcase.
I’d advise you not to pick up that heavy suitcase.
I spent most of my ___ on a farm in Wales before the family moved to America.
CHILD
childhood
How could you walk out of the shop ___ paying? That's stealing!
Without
Direct: “I’m tired,” she said.
Reported: She said (that) she was tired.
Active: People speak English all over the world.
Passive: English is spoken all over the world.
I am sure Maria finds reading interesting because she has lots of books.
Maria ___ (MUST) reading because she has lots of books.
Maria must enjoy reading because she has lots of books.
Many of the houses in this area are considered ___ and will probably be demolished by the end of the year.
SAFE
unsafe
The final exam will be about the invention of the radio and the basic principles of ___ it works.
how
Direct: “We will meet you at the station,” they told me.
Reported: They told me (that) they would meet me at the station.
Active: The police arrested the suspect last night.
Passive: The suspect was arrested last night (by the police).
Maybe John has not remembered about tonight’s party.
I suppose John ___ (COULD) about tonight’s party.
I suppose John could have forgotten about tonight’s party.
I've been working on a ___ to this problem for months. I think I'll just have to accept it can't be fixed.
SOLVE
Solution
She learnt to speak French so well ___ going to Marseilles and living there for four years.
by
Direct: “Did you enjoy the concert?” he asked.
Reported: He asked if I/you had enjoyed the concert.
Active: They have completed the project successfully.
Passive: The project has been completed successfully.
You should not think that the accident was your fault.
It would be wrong ___ (BLAME) for the accident.
It would be wrong to blame yourself for the accident.
My mother knows how to cook all sorts of foreign food but her ___ is Mediterranean cuisine.
SPECIAL
Speciality
The doctor has not only stopped me from drinking milk but also other dairy products ___ as cheese and yoghurt.
such
Direct: “Don’t forget to lock the door,” she said to her son.
Reported: She told her son not to forget to lock the door.
Active: They will announce the results tomorrow.
Passive: The results will be announced tomorrow.
I hope you were not discouraged by Sandra from going to the concert.
I hope Sandra ___ (PUT) going to the concert.
I hope Sandra didn’t put you off going to the concert.
I wanted some information about your ___ courses as I will be in the area for about a week.
RESIDE
residential
We chose that name for her more ___ its sound than anything else. I didn't know it was French.
for
Direct: “How long have you been living here?” the officer asked.
Reported: The officer asked how long I had been living there/here.
Active: Someone should have cleaned the kitchen earlier.
Passive: The kitchen should have been cleaned earlier.