Darkness by Lord Byron
“The birds and beasts and famish'd men at bay, /Till hunger clung them, or the dropping dead “
Lowering of climate impacted breeding patterns of different animals, crops failure and plants were damaged by the lack of sunlight
How many people died instantly as a result of the tsunamis caused by the eruption?
10,000
Where is Krakatoa?
In the Strait of Sunda between Java and Sumatra
April 10, 1815
“I had a dream, which was not all a dream. /The bright sun was extinguish'd, and the stars /Did wander darkling in the eternal space,/Rayless, and pathless, and the icy earth/Swung blind and blackening in the moonless air; /Morn came and went—and came, and brought no day”
The eruption caused massive amounts of smoke, gasses and ashes into the stratosphere where weather usually takes place. The massive cloud of sulfur-dioxide would absorb the sunlight and prevent sunshine from coming through
What is the initial response of some people to the rumbling of Mount tambora?
thought it was the sound of cannon fire
In the reading, who offered extensive accounts of the eruption?
Captain Watson of the British ship Charles Bal
How much did the global temperature drop? (in Celsius and anywhere within the range)
about 0.5 to 3 degrees Celsius depending on the location
“The rivers, lakes and ocean all stood still/ And nothing stirr'd within their silent depths;/ Ships sailorless lay rotting on the sea,/ And their masts fell down piecemeal: as they dropp'd/ They slept on the abyss without a surge—/ The waves were dead; the tides were in their grave,/ The moon, their mistress, had expired before “
large deposits of ash caused a detrimental impact on marine life near the site of the eruption. This would allude to this idea of a still ocean as fish and marine life at this time dying from the ocean contamination.
What is the meaning of 'tambora' is its native language?
"gone"
Was Krakatoa an active or dormant volcano before the eruption?
active. It is recorded that Krakatoa itself was active in 1680, and that voyagers in the vicinity encountered in that year a great storm and an earthquake at sea, accompanied by most frightful thunders and cracklings.
Did Krakatoa become dormant or remain active after the 1883 eruption?
Active, Eruptions in the area since 1927 have built a new island at the same location, named Anak Krakatau (which is Indonesian for "Child of Krakatoa"). Periodic eruptions have continued since, with recent eruptions in 2009, 2010, 2011, and 2012, and a major collapse in 2018
“The wild birds shriek'd /And, terrified, did flutter on the ground,/And flap their useless wings; the wildest brutes/ Came tame and tremulous; and vipers crawl'd /And twin'd themselves among the multitude,/Hissing, but stingless—they were slain for food.”
Changes in the environment caused uncertainty in animal environments and changes in their habitats. the eruption caused animals and humans to all panic and become disoriented by the change of weather patterns and climate conditions
How does Mount Tambora affect South America?
no evidence of impact on South America
According to the reading, what were the effects of the eruption? Name three.
Topography, ocean currents, atmospheric fluctuations, sunlight effects, lengthened dawn/twilight…
How does this photo demonstrate the impact of the eruption of Mount Tambora?
sky incorporates volcanic inspired hues (yellow, hints of grey in the clouds). gas emissions and atmospheric pollution at the time caused more red and green hues to appear in the sky, and these increase of hues were evident in many art pieces following the eruption
“The world was void/The populous and the powerful—was a lump,/Seasonless, herbless, treeless, manless, lifeless—”
Why did Thomas Jefferson apply for a loan after retiring to Monticello?
applied 1000 loan because of poor corn crop yield
Describe the influence of the eruption on the ocean current.
The waves formed in the narrow strait issued into the oceans east and west, and started on their journey around the globe. The undulations were registered at Mauritius, the Seychelles, in South Africa, and on the shores of the Pacific Islands on the same day that the Java villages were swept away. The waves continued their course, crossed each other at the antipodes of Krakatoa, and returned to the spot from which they had started. Four times did they go around the earth before the equilibrium of the sea was so far restored as to be insensible to instruments
Why is the eruption of Krakatoa more well known than the eruption of Mount Tambora?
The eruption of krakatoa in 1883 was the world's first media event as it occurred right after an international network of underwater cables for communication had been created, and thus the news spread around the world in hours. Since Tambora happened in 1815, it would have taken a long period of time for the news to be spread across the globe