Ertuğrul’s Life
Where did the Kayı tribe come from?
Central Asia (Oghuz Turks).
Which sultan gave Ertuğrul land?
Alaeddin Keykubad I.
Mosque near Ertuğrul’s tomb?
Ertuğrul Gazi Mosque (Söğüt).
Meaning of Ghazi?
Warrior for Islam.
Why was Söğüt important?
Fertile frontier, base of Ottomans.
What town did Ertuğrul settle in?
Söğüt.
Why did Keykubad reward him?
Loyalty & victories vs Byzantines.
Why build mosques for leaders?
Honor, faith, memory.
Meaning of Nomad?
Moves place to place.
Difference between Germiyan & Ottomans?
Germiyan stayed small; Ottomans expanded big.
Who succeeded Ertuğrul?
Osman I
How did Seljuk decline help Ottomans?
Created beyliks like Germiyan; Ottomans rose from frontier.
Which sultan built one for Ertuğrul?
Abdulhamid II.
Why Ertuğrul called Ghazi?
Battled Byzantines for Islam.
Qualities of Ertuğrul as leader?
Brave, wise, fair.
Which two empires did Ertuğrul fight?
Byzantines & Mongols.
What weakened Seljuks after his death?
Mongol victory at Köse Dağ (1243).
In which country is his tomb today?
Turkey.
Who were Oghuz Turks?
Nomadic ancestors of Turks.
Why was Ertuğrul’s role unique compared to other beyliks?
He was on the Byzantine frontier, so victories gave him land, fame, and a chance to grow into an empire.
Biggest challenge of migration & solution?
Mongols forced them west; alliance with Seljuks secured land.
Who killed Sultan Keykubad and How?, what did Ertugrul do?
Sultan Kopek, he revolted and proclaimed his own state in Sogut.
What do such mosques symbolize?
Faith + politics + legacy together.
Ghazi vs Sultan?
Ghazi = fighter, Sultan = ruler; Ertuğrul was Ghazi, Osman became Sultan.
What if no Seljuk alliance?
Kayı may vanish, no Ottomans, history changed.