Pituitary Basic
What brain structure controls the pituitary gland?
Hypothalamus
Which pituitary hormone stimulates the thyroid gland?
TSH
Why do we measure IGF-1 instead of the growth hormone?
Because GH is released in pulses so it doesn’t give us a good overall picture of how well GH is working
A pituitary tumor causes excess growth hormone in an adult patient? Which condition results?
Acromegaly
Which posterior pituitary hormone regulates water balance?
ADH (vasopressin)
The pituitary gland is often called what because it regulates other glands?
The master gland
Which two hormones are released in response to GnRH?
LH and FSH
If TSH is high and T4 is low, where is the problem most likely?
The thyroid gland
Which pituitary disorder is most commonly associated with elevated prolactin levels?
Prolactinoma
Which hormone is involved in labor and milk letdown?
Oxytocin
What term describes hormones being released in bursts?
Pulsatile secretion
Which anterior pituitary hormone is normally inhibited by dopamine?
Prolactin
If both a pituitary hormone and its feedback hormone level are low, what does this suggest?
A pituitary disorder
Which disorder is caused by compression of normal pituitary tissue, leading to MULTIPLE hormone deficiencies for both pituitary and target gland hormones?
Hypopituitarism
Posterior pituitary hormones are released in response to which type of signal?
A. Portal blood hormones
B. Negative feedback only
C. Nerve impulses from the hypothalamus
D. Target gland hormone levels
C. Nerve impulses from the hypothalamus
What structure connects to the hypothalamus to the pituitary gland?
Pituitary stalk
Which hormone is released in pulses and is best measured using IGF-1?
Growth hormone
Which two hormone levels are measured to evaluate the thyroid axis?
TSH and free T4
Hypeprolactinemia can lead to which of the following clinical effects?
A. Hypertension and weight loss
B. Hypogonadism, infertility, galactorrhea
C. Excessive thirst and urination
D. Heat intolerance and tachycardia
B. Hypogonadism, infertility, and galactorrhea
True or False: Posterior pituitary gland makes hormones
False
What type of feedback loop is most commonly used by pituitary hormones?
Negative feedback
Which anterior pituitary hormones are classified as tropic hormones?
TSH,ACTH, LH and FSH
A patient is suspected of having excess growth hormone, but a random GH levels is normal.
Which lab test is most appropriate to confirm the diagnosis?
IGF-1 level
A patient produces large volumes of dilute urine and has excessive thirst due to a lack of ADH. What is the diagnosis?
Diabetes insipidus
What electrolyte imbalance is commonly seen in SIADH
Hyponatremia