Lesson Frameworks
This classical lesson framework is commonly used for teaching grammar and vocabulary.
What is PPP?
This reading strategy focuses on getting the general idea of a text rather than specific details.
What is reading for gist?
This type of listening aims to get the main idea of a text.
What is listening for gist?
This approach to teaching writing focuses on the final written text and its correct form, grammar, and organization.
What is product approach?
This term describes speaking without hesitation, pausing too often, or searching for words.
What is fluency?
This approach to teaching encourages students to notice patterns and rules in language through structured activities before explicit explanations.
What is guided discovery?
Before reading or listening, teachers may ask students to guess what the content will be about.
What is prediction?
A listening skill where learners focus on picking out particular details, such as a train departure time or a phone number.
What is listening for specific information?
In this approach, students brainstorm, draft, edit, and revise, focusing on the stages rather than just the final text.
What is the process approach?
This term describes speaking with correct grammar, vocabulary, and pronunciation.
What is accuracy?
Jeremy Harmer proposed this variation of the classical lesson framework.
What is the ESA framework?
When learners figure out a speaker’s feelings, opinions, or tone from their choice of words and intonation, they are practicing this skill.
What is inferring attitude?
This teaching technique helps students with challenging words before texts to prevent comprehension difficulties.
What is pre-teaching blocking vocabulary?
Story cubes, “finish the story” games, or freewriting activities are most often used in this type of writing.
What is creative writing?
Instead of interrupting students immediately, a teacher may wait until after an activity to highlight mistakes. This technique is called…
What is delayed error correction?
This approach often begins with a task before any explicit language input.
What is weak TBL (Task-Based Learning)?
A teacher engages students in a discussion about travel experiences before reading a text about tourism.
What is activating schemata?
This concept describes how listeners predict and interpret meaning using context and prior knowledge.
What is top-down processing?
This approach teaches writing by showing students how different texts (like letters, reports, or stories) follow certain structures and conventions.
What is the genre approach?
In writing feedback, a teacher might underline a word and write “WW” above it to indicate a mistake. This system is called…
What is a correction code?
This framework challenges traditional input–practice–output by flipping the order.
What is TTT (Test-Teach-Test)?
This kind of reading task requires students to reconstruct a text that has been broken into parts.
What is a jigsaw reading?
I regularly listen to a podcast on psychology while driving to work, and develop this sub-skill.
What is extensive listening?
In teaching writing, this often-overlooked element balances between too much teacher control (stifling originality) and too little (causing confusion).
What is scaffolding?
Using menus, tickets, podcasts, or videos in class to make speaking practice more natural is an example of using what type of material?
What is authentic material?