Chemistry of Carbon
What did the first carbon compounds come from?
Organisms
What is a macromolecule?
A giant molecule that has 10's, 100's, or even 1000's of carbon atoms
What are carbohydrates?
Organic compounds that are made up of C, H, and O.
What are lipids commonly called?
fats, oils, and waxes
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic acid.
All compounds/organic compounds have bonds between which element?
Carbon
What is formed when smaller macromolecules bond together?
Polymer
What is the job of carbohydrates?
To store and release energy
What is a fatty acid?
chains of carbon
What does DNA do and determine?
It is the master copy of an organism's information code. It determines how an organism looks and acts.
What are the first carbon compounds studied called?
Organic Compounds
What are the 4 macromolecules?
Carbohydrates, lipids, Nucleic acids, and proteins
What are the 3 typed of carbohydrates?
Monosaccharide, Disaccharide, and polysaccharide
What are the 2 types of lipids?
1) Saturated fats
2) Unsaturated fats
What does RNA do?
It forms a copy of DNA for use in protein synthesis
what type of bonds can carbon have?
single, double, and triple of bonds
When does Condensation polymerization occur?
When water molecules are released into the air when monomers join together.
What are the 3 types of polysaccharides?
Starch, cellulose, and glycogen
Which kinds of lipid is solid at room temperature?
Saturated fats
What is an amino acid?
Basic building blocks of proteins.
What can carbon atoms bond and form?
Straight chains, branched chains, and rings
What is hydrolysis?
It is where polymers are broken down, a water molecule is split, separating monomers away from the polymers.
What are lipids?
Organic compounds with a large proportion of carbon- hydrogen bonds.
What is a polyunsaturated?
Lipids whose fatty acids have more than 1 carbon- carbon double bond.
What is a peptide bond?
The covalent bond formed between amino acids