Clinical Correlates For All
Ligaments & Joints
Vertebral Canal
Vertebral Column
Back Musculature
100
What pathology describes inflammation of the vertebral joint?
Spondylitis
100
How do you treat a disc herniation?
Disectomy
100
What is the structure indicated by the arrow? 
Dura Mater
100
The vertebral column is formed by how many stacked vertebrae?
33!
100
What type of musculature is responsible for the movement of the scapula, upper limb, and thorax?
Extrinsic Musculature
200
What pathology results in a “scotty dog” sign during imaging?
Spondylolysis
200
What is the function of the Facet Joint?
Gliding movement
200
What are the contents of the vertebral canal?
Spinal cord, spinal nerves, meninges
200
A typical vertebrae is composed of
Vertebral body (anterior)
Vertebral arch (posterior)
vertebral body + Vertebral arch= Vertebral foramen
200
The intermediate layer of the back contains extrinsic muscles that assist in what function?
-inspiration/expiration
300
What are the results of intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration in the lumbar region?
Neuroforaminal stenosis due to decreased space between superior and inferior vertebral notches
300
What ligament is indicated by the arrows?
Ligamentum flavum
300
cervical spinal nerves (C1-C7) exit _______ their respective vertebrae
ABOVEEEE
300
What is the arrow pointing at?
Mamillary process
300
What area allows for auscultation of the lungs at the 6th intercostal space?
Triangle of auscultation
400
During a lumbar puncture, the ligamentum flavum may be missed altogether. At which vertebral level is the needle inserted to access the subarachnoid space?
L3 - 4 or L4 - L5
400
What’s the difference in function between the anterior and posterior longitudinal ligament?
Ant: resists extension
Post: resists flexion
400
In adults, what vertebral level does the conus medullaris end at?
L1-L2
400
What are the identifying features of the sacrum?
Sacral promontor
Median sacral crest
Lateral sacral crest
400
What innervates the Iliocostalis muscle?
Dorsal rami
500
Slipping of the L5 vertebra over the sacrum is a common cause of cauda equina syndrome. What are the known risk factors associated with this condition?
Pregnancy & Obesity
500
The posterior ligamentous complex functions to resist flexion. List the 3 ligaments that make up this complex from superficial to deep.
•Supraspinous ligament
•Interspinous ligament
•Ligamentum flavum
500
What separates the ventral and dorsal roots of a spinal nerve in the pia mater?
Lateral extensions/Denticulate Ligaments
500
Typical ribs have ___ bony articulations with the vertebral column.
THREE
500
The Latissimus Dorsi is innervated by what nerve, as indicated by the arrow?
-Thoracodorsal n