Back and Mediastinum

General Questions

100

What muscles comprise the erector spinae muscles?

1. Iliocostalis

2. Longissimus 

3. Spinalis 

200

Which muscle has the main action of maintaining posture in the lumbar region?

iliocostalis

300

What muscle will be present in the thoracic region of the vertebral column but no where else?

Rotatores m.

400

Which transversospinalis m. spans 4 vertebrae before inserting?

Semispinalis

500

What is the common action of the transversospinalis mm. group?

Contralateral rotation

General Questions

100

A patient presents with difficulty extending the cervical portion of their back, lateral flexion of the head and ipsilateral rotation of the head. What muscle group is affected?

Splenius

200

What are the 3 deepest mm of the back?

1. Interspinales

2. Intertransversarrii

3. Levatores costarum

300

A patient presents with low back pain, they state there is only tissue involvement and was caused by extensive rotation and extension of the back. Is this a strain or a sprain?

Sprain

400

If the semispinalis contracts unilaterally what is the effect?

1. Flexion of the head, and spine ipsilaterally

2. Rotation to the contralateral side 

500

If the Interspinales were to contract unilaterally what is the effect?

Ipsilateral flexion of spine

General Questions

100

What is the common innervation of all of the intrinsic back mm?

Posterior rami

200

What is the innervation of the serratus posterior mm.?

Anterior rami of the adjacent intercostal nn.

300

What mm is deep to the spinal m?

Semispinalis

400

What mm is the most superficial and medial?

Spinalis

500

What muscle is superficial to the rotatores but deep to the semispinalis?

multifidus

General Questions

100

Where is the mediastinum located

1. between the pleural cavities 

200

What is the posterior border of the mediastinum?

vertebral body

300

Where is the TTP?

between T4 and T5

400

What are the divisions of the Mediastinum?

1. Superior

2. Inferior

3. 
   

   1. Anterior

   2. Middle

   3. Posterior

500

What takes up the majority of the mediastinum

Heart

General Questions

100

What does the TTP separate?

Superior and Inferior Mediastinum

200

What is the superior border of the mediastinum?

Thoracic inlet

300

What is in the mediastinum as children but not as adults?

Thymus

400

What will be present in the mediastinum in a 30 year old where the thymus was?

1. Fat 

500

What is your favorite type of food?

Must deliver in an accent