History (of Nursing)
This woman felt a calling from God to become a nurse in the 1800s and developed many of the beliefs we still believe to be true to this day.
Who is Florence Nightengale?
These are nursing actions taken to improve, maintain or restore health or prevent illness.
What are interventions?
This system was created to help contain the rising cost of health care in 1983 and means that a hospital receives a set amount of money for a patient who has been hospitalized with a certain diagnosis.
What is the diagnosis-related group (DRG) system?
The WHO defines this as "a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease".
What is health?
These are the three stages of illness that occur when a person gets sick.
What are transition, acceptance and convalescence?
This is defined as an arrangement of objects, elements or values in order of their importance.
What is a hierarchy?
These practices, related to health promotion, consist of voluntary actions that an individual take to decrease the potential or actual threat of illness. They can be divided into primary, secondary and tertiary levels.
What are illness prevention practices?
This is the page with the box that contains all the legal terms and definitions you will need to know for this course in your green Fundamental Concepts and Skills for Nursing book.
What is pg. 31, Box 3.1: Legal Terms and Definitions?
A student nurse is held to which standard when practicing under the supervision of another licensed nurse?
What is the same standard as the licensed nurse?
These are two of the eight beliefs Florence Nightingale based her curriculum on.
What are (any combo of two):
-Nutrition is an important part of nursing care?
-Fresh, clean air is beneficial to the sick?
-Sick people need occupational and recreational therapy?
-Nurses should help identify and meet patients' personal needs, including providing emotional support?
-Nursing should be directed toward two conditions: health and illness?
-Nursing is distinct and separate from the practice of medicine and should be taught by nurses?
-Continuing education is needed for nurses?
These protect the nurse, the patient and the health care agency where the nurse practices.
What are the Standards of Nursing Practice?
What is a health maintenance organization (HMO)?
Diabetes and hypertension are examples of this type of illness that last 6 months or more and can usually be managed, but not cured.
What is chronic?
Being healthy generally means this according to the contemporary definitions of health and illness.
What is being able to function well physically and mentally and to express the full range of one's potentialities within the environment in which one is living?
This person's hierarchy of basic needs is the foundation of nursing practice, nursing education and prioritization in the NCLEX-PN.
Who is Abraham Maslow?
This type of prevention avoids or delays the occurrence of a specific disease or disorder. Examples include wearing a seat belt and not smoking.
What is primary prevention?
These actions and beliefs approved of by a particular group of people are different from laws and they are important to consider because not all situations are covered by laws and there may be more the one "right" action.
What are ethical codes?
This is described as taking responsibility for one's actions and meeting the patient's needs in a safe, effective and caring way.
What is professional accountability?
This woman cared for soldiers for both armies during the civil war and, later, founded the American Red Cross.
Who is Clara Barton?
This describes nursing care that uses the best research evidence coupled with the clinical expertise of the clinician, considering the values of the patient.
What is evidence-based nursing?
Large businesses may contract with these, which offer a discount on health care fees in return for a large pool of potential patients. This allows insurance companies to keep their premium rates lower, which makes things less expensive for both the employer and the employee.
What are preferred provider organizations (PPOs)?
Influenza (the flu) is an example of this type of illness that develops suddenly and resolves in a short time.
What is an acute illness?
If your patient has a low level of this, be prepared to spend a little extra time with your discharge planning because they may lack the knowledge and skill to make health care decisions.
What is health literacy?
Theoretically, these basic needs MUST be satisfied before higher emotional-level needs emerge.
What are food, air, water and rest?
This type of prevention consists of following guidelines for screening for diseases that easily treated if found early or for detecting the return of a disease. Examples include having regular mammograms and performing monthly self-testicular exams.
What is secondary prevention?
An LPN would be considered guilty of this if they forget to feed a patient during their regular shift at the hospital?
What is negligence?
If an LPN performs chest compressions on a patient with a do not resuscitate (DNR) order, they are guilty of what?
What is battery?
This National League issued formal standards for practical nursing education in 1892.
What is the National League of Nursing Education?
These are the product of evidenced-based research and serve as a way for nurses to implement evidence-based practices.
What are clinical practice guidelines?
Nurses must be vigilant with this in order to show evidence that certain treatments are needed and progress is being made toward patient goals in order for insurance to pay for the service.
What is documentation?
Metastatic brain cancer is an example of this type of illness which has no cure and usually ends in death.
What is terminal?
Because the United States is so diverse, ALL nurses must be prepared to practice this type of nursing, which takes into account a patient's attitudes, beliefs and practices based on their racial or ethnic identity.
What is culturally competent?
These are the first and second physiologic needs.
What are breathing and circulation?
This type of prevention consists of rehabilitation measures after the disease or disorder has stabilized. Examples include following a cardiac rehab program after a heart attack or pursuing rehab after a stroke.
What is tertiary prevention?
If you and a friend are caught gossiping about your patient's disgusting boil on their behind in the elevator at the hospital, you could be fined, jailed or have your license revoked for violating what?
What is HIPPA?
This directive, which is a type of consent constructed before the need arises, spells out a patient's wishes regarding surgery, diagnostic and therapeutic treatments.
What is an advanced directive?
These are two of the four common goals of nursing.
What are (and combo of two):
-to promote wellness?
-to prevent illness?
-to facilitate coping?
-to restore health?
This defines activities in which nurses may engage, and the state legal requirements and titles for organizations that enroll patients and supply all of their medical care.
What is the nurse practice act?
Health care costs have done this dramatically in recent years and every effort must be made to contain them.
What is risen?
Kidney disease as a result of uncontrolled diabetes is an example of this type of disease.
What is secondary?
This type of approach to caring for the sick and promoting wellness considers the person's biologic, psychological, sociological and spiritual aspects and needs
What is the holistic approach?
These are the five levels of fundamental human needs according to Maslow's Hierarchy.
What are physiologic, safety and security, love and belonging, self-esteem and self-actualization?
A patient who gets annual flu vaccines each year is participating in this type of illness prevention.
What is primary prevention?
This type of consent can NOT be obtained by the LPN. Instead, the health care provider who is performing the procedure is responsible for explaining it's risks, benefits and possible alternative options.
What is informed (or operative) consent?