8- Microbial Metabolism
Large molecules are broken down into smaller molecules
What is catabolism?
The most common mechanism of cell replication in bacteria
What is binary fission?
DNA has this many strands
What is two strands?
Typically used at concentrations of about 70% aqueous solution
What is alcohol?
May involve drugs that target cancerous cells or tissues
What is chemotherapy?
Reactions that remove electrons from donor molecules
What is closed culture (batch culture)?
Carries the correct amino acid to the site of protein synthesis in the ribosome
What is tRNA?
Length of time needed to kill all microoganisms in a sample at a given temperature
What is thermal death time (TDT)?
They produce harmful effects
What are antagonistic interactions?
All animals, fungi, and most protozoa and bacteria
What are chemoheterotrophs?
Used to measure the turbidity of a bacterial cell suspension as an indirect measure of cell density
What is a spectrophotometer?
A gene is composed of DNA that is “read” or transcribed to produce an RNA molecule during the process of transcription
What is the Central Dogma?
Suffix for any physical and chemical methods of microbial control that kill the targeted microorganism
A very large, complex molecule that binds to the end of the peptide chain of cell wall precursors
What is vancomycin?
Output of two CO2, three NADH, one FADH2, and one ATP (or GTP)
What is the Krebs Cycle?
The mechanism by which cells in a biofilm coordinate their activities in response to environmental stimuli
Insertion or deletion of one or more bases
What is frameshift mutation?
High-pressure processing
Selectively inhibits the activity of bacterial DNA gyrase, blocking DNA replication
What is nalidixic acid?
Where most ATP is generated during a separate process, which occurs during cellular respiration
Do not use oxygen, do fermentative metabolism, but are not harmed by the presence of oxygen
A single strand of the F plasmid is transferred to the F- cell, which is then made double-stranded.
What is conjugation?
Reduces microbial load on skin or tissue through gentle to firm scrubbing and the use of mild chemicals
Filter paper disks impregnated with known amounts of antibacterial drugs are placed on the agar plate. Antibacterial activity is observed as a clear circular zone of inhibition
What is the Kirby Bauer assay/test?