Bacteria

Structure

100

What type of cell do bacteria have?

Prokaryotic

200

What structure is used for bacterial locomotion?

Flagella

300

The nucleoid and plasmids both contain ___________.

DNA (genetic material)

400

What structure inside bacterial cells has the function of producing proteins?

Ribosomes

500

What are the layers of the bacterial cell?

(cytoplasm - inside)

cytoplasmic membrane

cell wall

(capsule - for protection in some bacteria)

(pilli or fimbrae - for attachment)

Classification

100

Circular bacteria are called _________.

Cocci (coccus)

200

Bacteria that group together in a linear fashion are categorized with the prefix ___________.

Strepto-

300

Rod or pill shaped bacteria are called _________.

Bacilli (bacillus)

400

Bacteria that group together in a random clumps are categorized with the prefix ___________.

Staphylo-

500

Gram positive and gram negative bacteria turn different colors when stained. This is because they are categorized by ___________________________________________.

The thickness of their cell walls (gram positive have thick walls that hold purple/blue dye, gram negative have thin walls that don't hold dye so they look pink/red)

Processes

100

Bacteria reproduce by what process?

Binary Fisson

200

When a bacteria is able to produce energy without oxygen it is known as ___________ ______________.

Anaerobic respiration

300

The bacterial process breaks down large organic molecules into simpler ones (is used to make different foods and preservation) is called _______________.

Fermentation

400

Photoautotrophs, chemoautotrophs and heterotrophs are the three categories of bacteria that describe what process?

Metabolism

500

The process of maintaining a particular temperature (and other desirable conditions) for bacterial growth is called _______________.

BONUS 100pts: The initial process of adding the cells to the medium is called ______________.

Incubation

BONUS 100pts: Inoculation

Adaptation

100

Even though bacteria are tiny, they are everywhere! Why are bacterial populations able to grow so quickly?

They are simple cells (prokaryotic), the process of binary fission happens quickly, allowing for rapid reproduction

200

What is the process of passing genetic material to another bacteria (not offspring) called?

Horizontal Gene Transfer

300

The process by which one bacterium transfers genetic material to another through direct contact is called ________________.

Conjugation

400

The process of horizontal gene transfer by which some bacteria take up foreign genetic material from the environment is called ______________.

Transformation

500

The mode of genetic transfer from one bacteria to another through a virus is called _________________.

Transduction

Good/Bad

100

Name one way in which bacteria benefit the earth.

Producers, decomposers, used in food production and preservation, used as medicine, help our bodies function, help the planet function, etc

200

Name one mode of transmission of pathogenic bacteria.

contact, airborne, droplet, vector, vehicular, etc.

300

An antimicrobial substance that is active against bacteria is called an __________________. 

BONUS 100pts:

What are these usually made of?

Antibiotic

BONUS 100pts: Other bacteria or fungi

400

Many bacteria are good for the environment because they are decomposers. What two important biogeochemical cycles involve bacteria?

Carbon cycle and Nitrogen cycle

500

The over-prescription of antibiotics, and not finishing your dose can lead to ____________ ____________ _____________.

Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria