A living organism that a virus needs in order to survive.
What is a host cell?
100
The word for individual bacteria cells.
What is a bacterium?
100
Yogurt, cheese, vinegar, sauerkraut.
What are some foods made using bacteria?
100
When bacteria genetically mutate to become unaffected by antibiotics.
What is antibiotic resistance?
100
The process of boiling and then cooling a food, usually a liquid, to make it safer to eat by killing bacteria that may be present.
What is pasteurization?
200
Cocci, bacilli, spirilli
What are the three basic shapes of bacterial cells?
200
The older of the two types of bacteria (do not live in extreme environments).
What are eubacteria?
200
When bacteria are used to clean up environmental pollutants, including sewage.
What is bioremediation?
200
Drugs that inhibit the growth of bacteria.
What are antibiotics?
200
A round, clear, flat bottomed container used to grow bacteria and viruses in labs.
What is a petri dish?
300
The name of the reproduction process that bacterial cells use.
What is binary fission?
300
Viruses that use bacteria as their hosts.
What are bacteriophages?
300
Substances produced by bacteria that can make people sick.
What are toxins?
300
Drugs that help the body build antibodies against certain viruses.
What are vaccines?
300
"Junk" DNA, whose purpose is unknown, in some bacterial cells.
What are introns?
400
The part of the virus reproduction cycle that causes the host cell to "lyse" or break open and release new viruses.
What is the lytic cycle?
400
Bacteria that live in environments with no oxygen.
What are anaerobic bacteria?
400
Two categories of chemicals used to kill bacteria on surfaces, such as doorknobs, toilet seats, food preparation areas, medical equipment and skin.
What are disinfectants and antiseptics?
400
The lab test used to determine what type of bacteria you are dealing with.
What is the Gram stain?
400
The food medium used in labs to grow bacteria.
What is agar?
500
When two bacterial cells contact each other and exchange pieces of DNA.
What is conjugation?
500
Bacteria that make their own food using chemicals instead of sunlight.
What are chemoautotrophs?
500
All of the microscopic organisms, particularly beneficial bacteria, that live in and on the human body.
What is our microbiome?
500
The French chemist and microbiologist that disproved the theory of spontaneous generation and developed a process to keep food safe from bacterial contamination. He also developed a vaccine for anthrax and rabies.
Who is Louis Pasteur?
500
The process by which bacteria change nitrogen gas into nitrates that can be used by plants to make energy.