Bacterial Basics
This type of cell has no nucleus and includes bacteria.
prokaryotic cell
This is the protein coat of a virus.
capsid
A patient has a sore throat and bacteria are visible under a microscope.
bacterial infection
These are proteins made by the body to recognize and bind to specific pathogens.
antibodies
This structure helps bacteria move.
flagellum
Viruses must do this to reproduce.
infect a host cell
A doctor has prescribed antibiotics, but they don't seem to be working.
viral infection
What is the main role of antibodies once they bind to a virus?
They mark the virus for destruction / neutralize it so it can’t infect cells
The process bacteria use to reproduce.
binary fission
This cycle immediately destroys the host cell.
lytic cycle
Would antibiotics treat the flu? Why or why not?
No, because flu is caused by a virus and antibiotics target bacteria
This type of cell produces antibodies.
B cells (WBC)
This style of bacterial growth shows rapid population increase.
exponential growth
Why are viruses not considered living? (give one reason)
They cannot reproduce independently/no metabolism/not made of cells
A patient stops antibiotics early. What is the risk?
Antibiotic resistance
Why can your body respond faster the second time you get the same infection?
Memory cells remember the pathogen and produce antibodies more quickly
Explain why antibiotics target bacteria but not viruses.
Bacteria have structures/processes (like cell walls, ribosomes) that antibiotics target; viruses do not.
What is a structural difference between a bacteriophage & the influenza virus? (not just the shape...)
Influenza virus has an envelope
Give TWO clues that would help you determine if an illness is bacterial or viral.
Possible Answers (but could vary): presence of cells, reproduction method, response to antibiotics, etc.
Explain how vaccines use the immune system to protect against viruses.
Vaccines introduce a harmless version or piece of the virus, allowing the body to produce antibodies and memory cells without causing illness