Bacterial infections

Typhoid

100

Bacteria that causes Typhoid fever + shape

salmonella typhi

- gram neg bacilli

200

site of infection, transmission

- intestinal infection

- fecal-oral route, close contact with patients or carriers, contaminated water/food, flies and cockroaches

300

How long is someone with typhoid contagious for?

Can be contagious for days to years

400

Typhoid treatment

antibiotics (there are many antibiotic-resistant strains, antipyretics, rest

500

symptoms of typhoid

fever, abdominal pain, fatigue, headache, early constipation, later diarrhea, rosy spots

Later on:

- significant weight loss, confusion, psychosis, high risk of hemorrhage. 

Cholera

100

Bacteria and shape

vibrio cholerae

- gram negative rods

200

site of infection and transmission

- attacks microvilli of the gut brush border

- transmitted through contaminated water (fresh or salt)

300

how does cholera infect?

Secretes enterotoxins

- prolonged hypersecretion of water and electrolytes

- diarrhea

- profound dehydration/circulatory collapse

- shock/acidosis

400

What percentage of cholera infections are asymptomatic?

~60-70% of cholera infections are asymptomatic

500

cholera incubation

incubation period of 1-4 days

Staphylococcus

100

Bacteria

staphylococcus aureus

200

what does MRSA stand for?

site of infection

Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus

- infects blood, bone, heart, lungs

300

what infections is staphylococcus aureus responsible for?

boils, pimples, wound infections, necrotizing fasciitis, TSS, food poisoning, conjunctivitis (pink eye), pneumonia

400

Staphylococcus aureus + antibiotics

staphylococcus aureus is often resistant to penicillin and many other antibiotics

500

Staphylococcus Epidermis

- not a pathogen

- retards growth of fungi

- lives on skin and mucous membranes

Pertussis

100

bacteria and shape

bordetella pertussis

- gram negative rod

200

causes what (with infection)?

cause of whooping cough

300

incubation

6-21 days incubation

400

duration of illness

6-10 weeks

500

transmission

contact via aerosolized droplets

600

symptoms

- inspiratory whoop followed by vomiting

- minimal to absent fever

- initially mild URT symptoms (1-2 weeks)

- most contagious (2-4 weeks)