Etiology
Bacterial meningitis is defined as the inflammation of the ______ ?
Meninges/Brain
At what age do signs/symptoms change?
2-years-old+
_________ from bacterial meningitis may reach 34%.
Mortality
What is the number one treatment given to an individual with bacterial meningitis?
Antibiotics
What prevention action can you take to decrease the incidence of meningitis?
Vaccination
Bacterial meningitis affects the brain via
Primarily the bloodstream
In a newborn, where can a bulge appear from the infection of bacterial meningitis?
Soft spot (fontanel)
Who shows persistent difficulties in learning, which leads to poor academic performance as a complication of bacterial meningitis?
Children
Are prophylactic treatments recommended?
No
At what age is a booster vaccination recommended?
16
Pia mater & arachnoid
What increases the risk of contracting listeriosis - an infection caused by listeria bacteria, which may also cause bacterial meningitis?
Pregnancy
What is the most frequent complication associated with bacterial meningitis
Hearing loss
What reduces brain edema, intracranial hypertension and meningeal inflammation?
Corticosteroids
What vaccine is recommended for all adults > 65 years of age?
Pneumococcal
Name 2 of the leading bacterias that cause meningitis in the US
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Group B Streptococcus
Neisseria meningitidis
Haemophilus influenzae
Listeria monocytogenes
Bacterial meningitis is most common in what age group?
What develops in up to 15% of patients due to the increased outflow resistance of the CSF?
Hydrocephalus
Severe headaches resulting from bacterial meningitis often require _______?
Opioids
Name at least one antibiotic that pregnant women should avoid?
Ciprofloxacin and Rifampin
Newborns are most susceptible to this type of bacteria that may cause meningitis
E. Coli
What signs/symptoms do adults and babies have in common?
High fever
Body/neck stiffness
In regards to memory, these may be affected in individuals 1-12 years of age as a result of bacterial meningitis.
Short-term and working memory
If seizures occur as a complication, this may be administered to the patient?
Antiepileptic treatment
High risk patients are recommended to have earlier vaccinations. Name two high risk factors.
Living conditions
Travelling to endemic areas
Community outbreak