Acids & Bases
What scale measures how acidic or basic a substance is?
pH scale
What type of change is melting butter?
Physical change
Heat transfer through direct contact is called what?
Conduction
What is a mixture?
Two or more substances combined but not chemically bonded
What ingredient helps baked goods rise by producing gas?
Baking soda or baking powder
Is lemon juice an acid or a base?
Acid
What type of change creates a new substance?
Chemical change
Heat transfer through moving air or liquid is called what?
Convection
Is cookie dough a mixture or a compound?
Mixture
What gas is produced when baking soda reacts with an acid?
Carbon dioxide
What happens when an acid and base are combined?
They neutralize each other
Is baking a cake a physical or chemical change?
Chemical change
Heat transfer through waves is called what?
Radiation
What type of mixture has substances evenly distributed?
Homogeneous mixture
What role does heat play in baking?
It triggers chemical reactions and changes the structure of food
What is baking soda classified as?
A base
Why is mixing ingredients usually considered a physical change?
No new substance is formed
What type of heat transfer cooks cookies on a baking pan?
Conduction
What type of mixture is salad?
Heterogeneous mixture
Why is flour important in baking?
It provides structure through gluten formation
Why do acids and bases matter in baking?
They react to produce gas (carbon dioxide) that helps baked goods rise
What evidence shows a chemical change happened in baking?
Color change, gas production, heat, and new texture
Explain how all three types of heat transfer happen in an oven.
Radiation heats the oven, convection circulates hot air, and conduction transfers heat from pan to food
Why can mixtures in baking be separated physically?
Because no chemical reaction bonds the ingredients together
Explain how ingredients work together to create a chemical reaction in baking.
Acids and bases react to produce gas, heat causes expansion and setting, and ingredients combine to form a new structure