The Core Principles of Force
The use of force must be what ? (hint: there are 3 )
reasonable, necessary, and proportional
Compliant means
someone who responds to the presence or verbal direction of the office. Someone who verbally complains but still obeys the direction of the office.
What is Active aggression
a person attacks or attempts to attack a member or another person
What is De-escalation
used to gain voluntary compliance to reduce or eliminate the need for force , to avoid escalation.
What is qualified immunity
this protects an office from civil lawsuits as long as they operate in good faith
What is reasonable force ?
A member who uses reasonable force when they use no more force than required to perform a lawful purpose
Passive resistance means
a non assaultive person fails to comply with the members commands without attempting to flee.
What is Aggravated aggression
a person presents an imminent threat of death or serious injury to the member or another person
How or when is it used?
it should be a primary consideration. a member is required to make every reasonable effort to de-escalate
Warrant
a legal document from a judge or court commissioner authorizing an arrest
What is necessary Force
when no reasonably effective alternative exist. use force in a manner that avoids unnecessary injury or risk of injury to those involved.
Active resistance means
a person moves to avoid detention or arrest but does not attack or attempt to attack the member or another person
What is an example of active resistance ?
an office tries to place handcuffs on a subject, but the subject pulls their arms away and tried to escape
What are the 4 techniques used to de-escalate
Talking and tone
Creating space
Slowing down the incident
stay patient and flexible
Probable Cause
REASONABLY TRUSTWORTHY INFORMATION THAT CRIME HAS BEEN COMMITTED BY THE SUBJECT
what is proportional force
measure weather the force used by the member is rationally related to the level of resistance or aggression confronting the member
What is an example of being complaint ?
An office says "place your hands behind your back" the subject places hands behind back while yelling "this is ridiculous"
What is an example of active aggression
an office approaches a subject and gives a lawful command, the subject suddenly clenches their fist and throw a punch at office face
When can forced be used?
immediately if necessary to achieve a lawful purpose. however, it requires an assessment of the situation
Bail
a cash, bind, or property payment to ensure a defendant appears in court
Deadly force
force that is likely to cause death or serious injury regardless of intention
What is an example of Passive resistance?
An officer gives a lawful command for a person to stand up. The person goes limp and refuses to move, becoming dead weight but does not actively fight or flee.
a subject pulls knife and begins to charge at the office, or subject fires a weapon
whats are 3 major categories when taking into account for the assessment ?
Situation
Subject's Behavior
Office's perception
Personal recognizance
a written promise by a defendant to appear for their corut without putting up money