Styles
French and English styles of solo singing, usually accompanied by lute
Pre-Baroque Monody
Father of stile recitativo; invented Opera
Jacopo Peri
Italian comic opera
Opera buffa
General term to describe an imitative instrumental piece, especially keyboard
Ricercar
Set of keyboard variations on a harmonic subject
Chaconne
Various instruments and sonorities playing together
Style concertato
Invented stile concertato; elevated instrumental ensembles to the level of vocal music
Giulio Gabreli
parlando setting of dialogue in an opera; usually accompanied by continuo
recitative
Late Renaissance polyphonic style embodied in Palestrina
Prima pratica
Highly ornamented, improvisational and intricate keyboard piece that demands considerable dexterity of the hands and fingers
Toccata
Style of monodic singing that followed the natural cadence of speech
Stile recitativo
Developed High Baroque keyboard composition and influenced JS Bach
Girolamo Frescobaldi
1-2 solo instrument(s) accompanied by an orchestra
solo concerto
First opera
Peri's Euridice
Defined as "heavily ornamented"
Baroque
Style of keyboard composition that developed a theme by repeating it at various tonal centers
Imitation
Fully developed the genre of opera
Claudio Monteverdi
1-2 solo instrument(s) OR small ensemble paired with orchestra
concerto
speech-like vocal writing
parlando
Set of keyboard variations on a melodic subject
Partita
Style that extemporaneously embellished existing material in a piece
Improvisation
Father of the Sonata; virtuoso violinist
Arcangelo Corelli
Stand alone dramatic song in an opera; accompanied by orchestra
aria
Group of late Renaissance artistic intellectuals who convened to shape the future of the arts in Italy.
Florentine Camerata
Writes the texts for opera
Librettist
Keyboard style that presented various re-styled versions of a single theme
Variation
Father of the early Baroque Italian monody
Giulio Caccini
Italian opera on serious or tragic themes
Opera seria
vocal style that combines the lyricism of aria and the parlando characteristics of recitative
arioso
Short stylized organ piece for church on a chorale them as an introduction to the chorale
Chorale Prelude
An aria style based on ABA form with ornamentation in the return of the A section
Da capo aria
High Renaissance composer of English monodies accompanied by lute; tendency towards introspection and melancholy with stylized accompaniments
John Dowland
Multi movement for 1-2 solo instruments and continuo
sonata
New Baroque style of monody with supportive, improvisational accompaniment
Seconda pratica
General Director of an opera house
Impresario
The practice of using Eunuch singers for female operatic roles originated here.
Rome
High Renaissance composer of English monodies accompanied by lute; tendency towards lightness and simplicity with simple accompaniments
Thomas Campion
A small instrumental ensemble paired with a full orchestra and continuo
Concerto grosso
Collection that provides the best example of early Baroque monody to survive
Le nuove musiche
Set of keyboard variations on a bass line
Passacaglia
The concertato style of multi-movement compositions for instrumental ensembles eventually led to this.
Symphony
Highly prolific but unheralded composer of Baroque opera
Antonio Cesti
French opera on serious or tragic themes
Tragedie en musique
Most important and influential of Monteverdi's operas
L'incoronazione di Poppea
Bass line is played by a low stringed instrument; keyboard improvises realizations of the harmonies
Basso continuo
The first opera house that made opera available to the public and transformed it into a commercial industry was opened here.
Venice
French aristocrat and acclaimed female composer in all genres
Jacquet de la Guerre
Early French monody with lute accompaniment
Air de cour
Collection of sacred keyboard works published by Frescobaldi
Fiori musicali
Organ settings of the parts of a mass
Organ mass