Basic Algebra

Vocabulary

100

The name for the unknown number that is represented with a letter

variable

200

The name for a number whose value will always remain the same

constant

300

The number in front of a variable in a variable term

EX: 5x (what is the 5 called?)

Coefficient

400

Numbers, symbols and operations (such as + and ×) grouped together that represent the value of something

Expression

500

A mathematical statement that shows the value of the expression using an equal sign

Equation

Variable Operations

100

2x + 5x

7x

200

2x - 5x

-3x

300

2x·5x

10x²

400

x³·x⁵

x⁸

500

(x³)⁴

x¹²

Equations

100

3x = 30

x = 10

200

2x - 5 = 25

x = 15

300

x/3 + 5 = 20

x = 45

400

4x - 12 = 2x

x = 6

500

4x - 13 = x - 4

x = 3

Factorising

100

15 + 3a

3 (5 + a)

200

44p - 11r

11 (4p - r)

300

20a + 80b - 40c

20 (a + 4b - 2c)

400

3rt - 6t²

3t (r - 2t)

500

x² - 2x - 3  

(x - 3)(x + 1)

Expanding

100

2(s + 3)

2s + 6

200

7x (x + 2)

7x² + 14x

300

5ab (2a + 4b)

10a²b + 20ab²

400

(x + 1)(x + 4)

x² + 5x + 4

500

(2x - 3)(x + 7)

2x² + 11x - 21