Basic Chemistry

Bonding

100

TRUE OR FALSE

Full valence shells form bonds. 

FALSE!

200

What is the difference between ionic and covalent bonding?

Ionic - transfer of electrons

Covalent - sharing of electrons

300

What polarity is carbon dioxide is an example of?

Non-polar --- neutral

400

What type of bond has these characteristics?

• Weak chemical bonds

• Attracted to the negative portion of polar molecule

• Provides attraction between molecules

hydrogen bonds

500

Is methane gas (CH4) is an example of an ionic or covalent bond?

Hint: think about the number of electrons

covalent

Random

100

96% of the body is made from four elements, what are they?

• Carbon (C)    

• Oxygen (O)

• Hydrogen (H)

• Nitrogen (N)

200

What are the four types of energy?

Chemical, Electrical, Mechanical, Radiant

300

When valence shells are not full and are unstable, they are considered to be a ________ element.

Reactive

400

This type of protein is...

• Also known as functional proteins

• Function as antibodies or enzymes

• Can be denatured

globular proteins

500

What is the maximum amount that each shell can hold? (shells 1-3)

• Shell 1 can hold a maximum of 2 electrons

• Shell 2 can hold a maximum of 8 electrons

• Shell 3 can hold a maximum of 18 electrons

Atomic Structure

100

What is located INSIDE the nucleus of an atom?

protons and neutrons

200

Using the periodic table, tell me how many protons, neutrons, and electrons are in a helium atom?

2 protons

2 neutrons

2 electrons

300

What is the difference between atomic mass number and atomic number?

atomic mass number - sum of the protons and neutrons that an atom contains

atomic number - equal to the number of protons that the atom contains

400

What is the process of spontaneous atomic decay?

Radioactivity

500

This is a kind of isotope that is..

• Unstable
• Heavy

• Decomposes to more stable isotope

Radioisotope

Chemical Rxns

100

This is an example of which type of chemical bond where energy is absorbed?

A+B=AB

Synthesis Reaction

200

In which chemical bond is a molecule broken down and energy is released?

Decomposition Reaction

300

In which type of chemical reaction are different molecules made from the original molecules?

Hint: it involves two types of reactions put together...

Exchange Reaction or Single Replacement Reaction

400

Amino acids joining together to form a protein molecule is an example of what type of chemical reaction?

Synthesis Reaction

500

ATP transferring its terminal phosphate group to glucose to form glucose phosphate is an example of which type of chemical reaction?

Exchange Reaction

Compounds/Molecules

100

Two or more different atoms combined chemically is a...?

compound

200

What is the most abundant inorganic compound?

Water

300

What measures relative concentration of hydrogen ions?

pH

400

Explain the difference between organic and inorganic compounds OR give an example of each one.

Organic - contain carbon, covalently bonded usually 

- example: glucose

Inorganic - lack carbon, tend to be simpler compounds

- example: water

500

This important organic compound holds the blueprints for life...

Nucleic acids