The Basics
Tools or systematic procedures for observing some aspect of human behavior and describing it with a numerical scale or category system.
What is tests?
Phenomena that affects scores on tests that are not intended to be reflected in those scores.
What is Measurement Error?
The extent to which two halves of the same test correlate.
What is split-half reliability?
Whether or not the content of a test is representative of the universe of relevant content.
What is Content Validity?
Judgments made by individuals about personal attributes.
What are Self-Reports?
A human judge’s combination of data from tests, interviews, observation, and other sources - that is, it is an example of measurement that includes human judgement.
What is assessment?
Irrelevant effects that influence measurement unpredictably - they are unrepeatable and haphazard.
What are Random Errors?
The average correlation between any item and the sum of the items
What is internal consistency?
The accuracy of the theoretical constructs a researcher develops during the course of a study.
What is Theoretical Validity?
Qualitative and quantitative assessments of a person or group by another person along an educational or psychological dimension.
What are Interviews/Ratings by Others?
The consistency of measurement.
What is Reliability?
A systematic error where measurement method and participant do not match.
What is Mismatch?
The correlation between two raters who observe the same phenomenon.
What is Interrater Reliability?
High correlation between two similar tests, or low correlation between two related tests with dissimilar constructs.
What is Convergent and Discriminant Validity?
Measurement that occurs when the participant is unaware of being observed.
What is Unobtrusive Measurement?
What a test measures, or what inferences can be drawn from test scores.
What is validity?
Errors which display some pattern or order when influencing measurement.
What are Systematic Errors?
The correlation between two administrations of the same test given to the same persons.
What is Test-Retest Reliability?
The accuracy of an evaluative or judgmental framework of the phenomenon.
What is Evaluative Validity?
Measurement procedures that present respondents with ambiguous material for the purpose of producing information about unconscious processes and structures.
What are Projective Devices?
The process of assigning numbers or categories to phenomenon according to agreed upon rules.
Changes on scores that result from the use of a particular measurement method.
What are Testing and Instrumentation Effects?
The correlation between two forms of the same test.
What is Alternate Form Reliability?
A test's ability to increase the level of a prediction.
What is Incremental Validity?
Autobiographical information typically gathered on school and work application forms.
What is Biodata?