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Basic Pharmacology
Basic Pharmacology (Principles)
Pharmacokinetics
Drug Interactions
Adverse Drug Effects
100
Large initial dose given to achieve rapid minimum effective concentration in the plasma.
What is Loading Dose?
100
Patient's failure to follow prescribed medication therapy.
What is Noncompliance?
100
Elimination of medication from the body.
What is Excretion?
100
Two drugs with similar actions sum their effects.
What is Additive effects?
100
Ability of some drugs and chemicals to alter body cells and cause a variety of cancers.
What is Carcinogenicity?
200
The relationship between minimal and maximal amount of drug needed to produce the desired drug response.
What is Drug Response?
200
The amount of time required for serum concentration of a drug to decrease by 50%.
What is drug half-life?
200
Passage of medication from administrative site to entry into the blood stream.
What is Absorption?
200
Two drugs compete for the drug binding site on Albumin.
What is Displacement?
200
Immune (antigen-antibody) response to a drug to which the patient was previously exposed and sensitized.
What is an Allergy?
300
A skin reaction caused by exposure to sunlight due to an interaction of a drug with ultraviolet light causing cellular damage.
What is Drug Induced Photosensitivity?
300
Psychological benefit from a compound that may not have the chemical substance of a drug effect.
What is Placebo Effects?
300
Two drugs with different mechanisms of actions produce greater effects.
What is Synergism or Potentiation?
300
Ability of some drugs, such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, to damage the renal tubule, causing renal insufficiency or failure.
What is Nephrotoxicity?
400
Time it take to reach the minimum effective concentration after a drug is administered.
What is Onset of Action?
400
The process of drug movement to achieve drug action.
What is Pharmacokinetic?
400

1) Condition of the kidneys, since most drugs are excreted in the urine. 2) Chemicals, foods, or other drugs that alter the pH of the urine.

What is Factors Affecting Excretion?

400
Effects of two drugs that cancel each other. (Ex. 1+1=0 may be due to competition for binding sites on cell membranes)
What is Antagonism?
400
Unusual, unexpected response to medication, which may be based on individual's genetic make-up.
What is Idiosyncrasy?
500
Occurs when the drug reaches its highest blood or plasma concentration.
What is Peak Action?
500

Serum drug concentration within therapeutic range, dosage sufficient to be effective, but a peak serum concentration below the level of toxicity.

What is Therapeutic ?

500

1) Circulation, 2) For oral drugs, amount of drug metabolized in liver and gastric PH 3) Blood-brain barrier 

What is Factors Affecting Distribution?

500
Physical interaction of two drugs that interferes with the effect of at least one of the drugs.
What is Incompatibility?
500
Some drugs, especially those used to treat cancers, cause bone marrow depression, making patients susceptible to infection, anemia, and abnormal bleeding.
What is Hematologic effects?