We collect data because of this fundamental property of variables
What is "Vary" or "take on different values" etc?
100
This is one advantage of sampling for the professional Engineer.
What is "Cost, Accuracy, Time, Feasibility, Scope of Information"
100
This scale of measure does not have equal intervals between its ordered values.
What is "Ordinal Scale of Measure?"
100
This is a measure of the degree to which values in a distribution of data differ from each other
What is Variance?
100
A definition of "Quality" in the Engineering sense.
What is "Fitness for Use"
200
Decision making is dependent upon this
What is Data, evidence, etc?
200
To reduce sampling bias, we use the following techniques:
What is use random sampling, judgement?
200
This type of variable may take on only a countable number of distinct values such as 0,1,2,3,4,..
What is "Discrete Random Variable" (Also, ordinal, nominal scales may be considered valid).
200
DAILY DOUBLE!!!!
To compute the variance for a sample, you use this formula (write it out)
What is the sum of the squared deviations from the mean, divided by 1 less than the sample n
200
A term used to describe the goodness of the long term functioning of a product
What is "Quality of Performance?"
300
This is a means of measuring customer attitudes or beliefs
What is "Survey" or "Questionnaire?"
300
These are characteristics of samples that predict population parameters
What are "sample statistics?
300
This is a heuristic for handling complex data.
What is
1. Overview
2. zoom and filter, then
3. examine details-on-demand
300
The Standard Normal Distribution has this mean and this standard deviation?
What is (0,1)?
300
The goodness of intentional differences between products or services, built-in by engineers
What is "Quality of Design?"
400
These are the THREE reasons we collect data in Engineering
What is UNDERSTAND, PREDICT, CONTROL (will also count, improve quality)
400
This is a distribution of sample statistics.
What is "Sampling Distribution"
400
This type of random variable has infinitely many values, including fractions and irrational values--they define most engineering measurements.
What is "Continuous Random Variable"
400
This is the statistic we tend to use for Nominal data
What is "frequency," or "proportion?"
400
Quality of Conformance
What is the degree to which a product or service meets or exceeds the standards set in its design specification?
500
A researcher must specify this to rigorously collect data that is trustworthy and replicable.
What is Operational Definition?
500
This is the Law of Large Numbers
What is, "As the number of samples of size n taken from a population increases, the mean of the sampling distribution almost assuredly approaches the population mean, and the variance gets smaller as a function of 1/(sample size)."
500
This mathematical law states that the sum of the errors of measurement of a continuous random variable will approach zero as the sample size increases, and the variance will approach 1.
What is Central Limit Theorem?
500
The Law of Large Numbers and the Central Limit Theorem together suggest that this statistic is almost always the best estimate of Expected Value of a population.
What is sample mean?
500
Most of the variation in a process is due to this.