Important People
What is the name of the Athenian general?
The Athenian general's name was Miltiades
What is the definition of a marathon?
A marathon is a 26 mile run.
What was the runner's official job?
He was a messenger and runner.
Who won the battle of Marathon?
The Greeks.
Who was Darius I's son, who led future attacks on the Greeks? (Pronounce as best as you can)
Darius I's son was named Xerxes
What was the name of the marathon runner?
The marathon runner was named Pheidippides.
What is the definition of strategy?
From where to where did he run to request assistance before his famous marathon run?
He ran from Athens to Sparta, requesting assistance.
In what year was the Battle of Marathon?
490 B.C.E.
What was most of the Persian army composed of?
The Persian army was mostly cavalry and archers.
Who was the Persian king during the battle of Marathon?
King Darius I was the Persian king during the battle of Marathon.
What is the definition of flank?
The side of a military formation, which Miltiades strategically focused on to defeat the Persians.
What happened to the marathon runner after his run?
He died.
How long did the battle last(approximate)?
3 hours
What signified the end of the battle of Marathon?
The end was when the Persian centre broke and fled in panic towards their ships, pursued by the Greeks.
Can you name one Persian general in the battle of Marathon?
Datis and Artaphernes were the Persian generals.
What is the definition of calvary?
What were his alleged last words?
"My feet are killing me," or "We have won!" or "Rejoice, we have won!". People are still disputed about the words, but these 3 phrases are the likely possibilities.
What was the Greek formation called, and why did they have the advantage over the Persians?
Phalanx formation, had better armor/weapons/tactics/motivation.
How many Greeks died, and how many Persians died, approximately?
192 Athenian, 11 Plataean, and about 6400 Persian.
Who was the exiled Greek traitor on the Persians' side?
The exiled Greek traitor was Hippias.
What is a hoplite?
What is the exact distance of a marathon?
26.3 miles
What was the cause & effect of the battle of Marathon?
King Darius I sought to punish Athens for aiding the Ionian Revolt and wanted to firmly establish Persian dominance in Greece. The effect was that it helped ensure the continued independence of Greece from Persian rule. Morale was increased, and after seeing the effectiveness of their strategies,served as a future point of inspiration.
What Greek region was Marathon in, and what type of landscape is it? Describe one feature
Marathon was in Attica; it was a coastal plain, and was flat, perfect for military maneuvers.