Amoeba madness
Parasite
Proto-ZOA
HIV
Resistance
100
This free-living amoeba causes a rapidly fatal meningoencephalitis often acquired during freshwater swimming.
What is Naegleria fowleri?
100
This freshwater snail is the intermediate host of Schistosoma mansoni.
What is Biomphalaria?
100
This protozoan causes Chagas disease and is carried by sloths and reduviid bugs
What is Trypanosoma cruzi?
100
This pathogen is the most common cause of focal brain lesions in advanced AIDS.
What is Toxoplasma gondii?
100
This mobile gene, first described in China, encodes plasmid-mediated colistin resistance.
What is mcr-1?
200
The flask-shaped ulcer is a hallmark histologic finding in colitis caused by this protozoan
What is Entamoeba histolytica?
200
This liver fluke, acquired by eating raw watercress, can cause cholangitis and obstructive jaundice.
What is Fasciola hepatica?
200
This sandfly-transmitted protozoan causes visceral leishmaniasis.
What is Leishmania donovani?
200
This 2019 trial established the cardiovascular benefit of pitavastatin in people with HIV.
What is REPRIEVE?
200
Cefiderocol is unique because it uses this mechanism to gain bacterial cell entry.
What is the siderophore/iron transport system?
300
The pictured amoeba is the most common cause of keratitis associated with contact lens use and causes this encephalitis syndrome
What is Acanthamoeba and Granulomatous Amebic Encephalitis
300
Neurocysticercosis is caused by the larval form of this tapeworm.
What is Taenia solium?
300
This African trypanosome causes sleeping sickness.
Bonus: species for East side
What is Trypanosoma brucei?
East: rhodesiense. West: gambiense
300
Resistance to ganciclovir in CMV is most commonly associated with mutations in this gene.
What is UL97?
300
This novel diazabicyclooctane β-lactamase inhibitor is combined with imipenem in a drug approved for CRE infections.
What is relebactam?
400
This trophozoite-forming amoeba can be associated with facial lesions and is treated with a combination of miltefosine, pentamidine, and other agents, with only a handful of reported survivors.
What is Balamuthia mandrillaris?
400
This fish tapeworm can cause vitamin B12 deficiency and megaloblastic anemia.
What is Diphyllobothrium latum?
400
This apicomplexan parasite causes relapsing fever due to dormant hypnozoites.
What is Plasmodium vivax (or Plasmodium ovale)?
400
This antiretroviral, approved in 2022, is the first capsid inhibitor for HIV.
What is lenacapavir?
400
Resistance to linezolid is most commonly mediated by mutations in this ribosomal RNA gene.
What is the 23S rRNA gene?
500
Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites exhibit these diagnostic cytoplasmic inclusions when viewed on a stool wet mount.
What are ingested erythrocytes?
500
This zoonotic tapeworm causes alveolar echinococcosis, which can mimic hepatic carcinoma.
What is Echinococcus multilocularis?
500
This rare protozoan, found in immunocompromised patients, causes severe diarrhea and can be detected with modified acid-fast staining.
What is Cyclospora cayetanensis?
500
This class of HIV medications targets the reverse transcription of viral RNA to DNA.
What are NRTIs or NNRTIs?
500
This antiviral drug is a pyrophosphate analog active against CMV.
What is foscarnet?